Pra-Desain Pabrik Amonia dari Gas Alam

Kusumaningrum, Sri Rani and Rosalin, Nidya Ahmadya (2023) Pra-Desain Pabrik Amonia dari Gas Alam. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Amonia merupakan salah satu bahan yang memiliki peran penting dalam menghadapi salah satu tantangan ekonomi dunia, yaitu ketahanan pangan. Sebagai salah satu bahan baku utama dari industri pupuk, konsumsi amonia dunia sejak tahun 2010 hingga 2020 terus mengalami peningkatan, yaitu sekitar 1,81% tiap tahunnya. Kenaikan permintaan ini juga akan berpengaruh terhadap harga amonia di pasar dunia. Adapun konsumsi amonia dalam negeri juga mengalami peningkatan. Selain konsumsi amonia dalam negeri yang terus meningkat, pemerintah juga sedang menawarkan proyek pembangunan pabrik pupuk dan petrokimia di Papua Barat. Menurut Dirjen Industri Berbasis Manufaktur Kementrian Perindustrian, Panggah Susanto, (2012) penawaran ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan perekonomian wilayah Papua sekaligus mengulang success story pendirian pabrik pupuk dan petrokimia di kawasan remote Bontang. Ditinjau dari tingkat konsumsi amonia dalam negeri maupun global yang terus meningkat, harga jual amonia secara global dalam dua tahun terakhir yang terus mengalami kenaikan, ketersediaan bahan baku yang melimpah, dan dukungan pemerintah akan pengembangan industri pupuk dan petrokimia menjadikan amonia salah satu komoditi yang memiliki pasar yang menjanjikan. Maka dari itu dibuatlah rancangan Pra-Desain Pabrik Amonia dari Gas Alam untuk mengetahui prospek pendirian pabrik kedepannya. Pabrik ini direncanakan beroperasi dengan kapasitas produksi 2500 ton amonia/hari dan berlokasi di Kabupaten Teluk Bintuni, Papua Barat, seperti program yang telah didukung oleh pemerintah. Adapun proses produksi amonia terbagi menjadi empat tahapan utama, yaitu Feed Gas Pre-Treatment, Syngas Generation, Syngas Purification, dan Ammonia Synthesis. Bahan baku yang diperlukan dari proses produksi amonia ini, antara lain gas alam, steam, dan udara. Pabrik ini direncanakan akan mulai beroperasi pada tahun 2025 dengan umur pabrik selama 25 tahun. Modal yang digunakan dalam pendirian pabrik diasumsikan berasal dari modal sendiri sejumlah 30% dan modal yang didapatkan dari pinjaman bank sebesar 70% dengan masa konstruksi selama 2 tahun. Untuk memenuhi kapasitas produksi tahunan amonia dalam pabrik ini, diperlukan nilai OPEX (operating expenditures) sebesar $ 513.097.665,87, dengan nilai CAPEX (capital expenditures) sebesar $ 740.000.997,05. Dari analisis ekonomi yang dilakukan, didapatkan Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 19,04% dengan bunga deposito bank sebesar 2%. Waktu pengembalian modal atau Pay Out Time (POT) yang dibutuhkan dalam pendirian pabrik ini adalah selama 8 tahun 7 bulan. Berdasarkan perhitungan yang dilakukan juga didapatkan nilai BEP sebesar 33,44% dan nilai NPV sebesar $ 817.824.352,85. Berdasarkan aspek penilaian analisis ekonomi tersebut, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa pabrik amonia dari gas alam ini layak untuk didirikan
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Ammonia is one of the materials that has an important role in facing one of the world's economic challenges, namely food security. As one of the main raw materials of the fertilizer industry, global ammonia consumption from 2010 to 2020 continues to increase, which is around 1.81% every year. This increase in demand will also affect ammonia prices on the world market. As for domestic ammonia consumption, it has also increased. In addition to the increasing domestic ammonia consumption, the government is also offering projects to build fertilizer and petrochemical plants in West Papua. According to the Director General of Manufacturing-Based Industry of the Ministry of Industry, Panggah Susanto, (2012) this offer aims to develop the economy of the Papua region as well as repeat the success story of the establishment of a fertilizer and petrochemical plant in the remote Bontang area. In terms of the increasing level of domestic and global ammonia consumption, the selling price of ammonia globally in the last two years which continues to increase, the availability of abundant raw materials, and government support for the development of the fertilizer and petrochemical industry make ammonia one of the commodities that has a promising market. Therefore, a pre-design design of the Ammonia Plant from Natural Gas was made to determine the feasibility of establishing an ammonia plant in the future. This plant is planned to operate with a production capacity of 2500 tons of ammonia / day and is in Teluk Bintuni, West Papua, as the program has been supported by the government. The ammonia production process is divided into the main four stages, namely Feed Gas Pre-Treatment, Syngas Generation, Syngas Purification, and Ammonia Synthesis. The raw materials needed from this ammonia production process include natural gas, steam, and air. The plant is planned to start operating in 2025 with a factory life of 25 years. The capital used in the establishment of the factory is assumed to come from own capital of 30% and the capital obtained from bank loans of 70% with a construction period of 2 years. To meet the annual production capacity, an OPEX (operating expenditures) value of $ 513.097.665,87 is required, with a CAPEX (capital expenditures) value of $ 740.000.997,05. From the economic analysis carried out, an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 19,04% was obtained with a bank deposit interest of 2%. The pay-out time (POT) required in the establishment of this factory is for 8 year and 7 months. Based on the calculations made, a BEP value of 33,44% was also obtained, an NPV value of $ 817.824.352,85. Based on these aspects of economic analysis assessment, it can be said that this ammonia plant from natural gas is worthy of being established
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Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	amonia, gas alam, pupuk, ammonia, natural gas, fertilizer
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Sri Rani Kusumaningrum
Date Deposited:	31 Jul 2023 08:53
Last Modified:	31 Jul 2023 08:53
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/100201

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