Pra Desain Pabrik LNG Dari Gas Alam

Tamimi, Fa’izul Qholbi and Roostewen, Kelben (2023) Pra Desain Pabrik LNG Dari Gas Alam. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Gas alam merupakan salah satu sumber energi yang unggul dan memiliki ketersediaan yang melimpah di Indonesia. Gas alam dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi pembangkit listrik atau bahan bakar industri yang menghasilkan sedikit emisi dibandingkan sumber bahan bakar sejenis dan memiliki panas pembakaran yang tinggi. Karena manfaat dan keunggulannya gas alam menjadi banyak diminati dan menyebabkan naiknya permintaan gas alam. Solusi untuk mengatasi tingginya permintaan gas alam adalah dengan menyalurkannya sebagai LNG, karena dalam bentuk LNG volume spesifik gas alam dapat diperkecil hingga 1/600 kali lipat. Di samping penggunaan dan permintaan yang terus meningkat, terdapat permasalahan di Indonesia untuk pemenuhan demand tersebut. Di Indonesia baru terdapat 3 kilang LNG aktif dan lokasi dari ketiga kilang tersebut berada jauh dari pusat perindustrian di area Jawa-Sumatera. Oleh karena itu akan didirikan pabrik LNG di kawasan Jawa-Sumatera untuk membantu memenuhi kebutuhan LNG dalam domestik dan global, yang lokasi tepatnya berada di sumur blok sungai Kenawang, di Musi Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan dengan bahan baku sebesar 290 MMSCFD dan kapasitas produksi sebesar 1,65 MTPA. Proses utama dalam pabrik LNG ini terdiri dari 4 unit yaitu acid gas removal unit yang menggunakan proses wet absorption menggunakan aMDEA, gas dehydration unit yang menggunakan proses absorpsi fisika dengan TEG dan adsorpsi menggunakan molecular sieve 3A, fractination unit yang terdiri dari kolom deethanizer & debutanizer, dan liquefaction unit yang akan menggunakan proses APCI dengan refrigerant C3-MR. Berdasarkan serangkaian proses yang telah dibuat, gas alam dengan laju alir massa 311.670,5 kg/jam mampu diolah menjadi beberapa produk berupa 209.093,8 kg/jam LNG, 26.283,9 kg/jam LPG, dan 4.876,4 kg/jam Condensate. Spesifikasi dari masing-masing produk yang dihasilkan telah sesuai dan layak untuk dijual, yang membuat Pabrik LNG dari Gas Alam ini layak dari segi teknik. Berdasarkan analisis ekonomi yang telah dilakukan pada pabrik ini, didapatkan penaksiran modal (CAPEX) sebesar Rp8.654.983.646.414; biaya operasional (OPEX) sebesar Rp Rp2.806.928.486.589/tahun. Estimasi umur pabrik adalah 15 tahun dan waktu pengembalian pinjaman selama 7,91 tahun. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ekonomi, pendirian pabrik LNG dari Gas Alam dengan kapasitas 1,65 MTPA layak secara ekonomis. Berdasarkan perhitungan yang telah dilakukan didapatkan nilai IRR sebesar 24,38%, POT selama 7,91 tahun, dengan BEP sebesar 26,11 dan NPV yang bernilai positif, yaitu Rp107.879.363.450.711. Dari hasil analisis dan perhitungan yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pabrik ini menguntungkan dan layak untuk didirikan.
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Natural gas is one of the superior energy sources and has plenty of availability in Indonesia. Natural gas is widely used as a source of energy for power generation or industrial fuel that produces few emissions compared to similar fuel sources and has a high heat of combustion. Because of its benefits and advantages, natural gas becomes much in demand and causes an increase in demand for natural gas. The solution to overcome the high demand for natural gas is by distributing it as LNG, because in the form of LNG the specific volume of natural gas can be reduced up to 1/600 times. In addition to the increasing use and demand, there are problems in Indonesia to fulfill the demand. In Indonesia there are only 3 active LNG plants and the location of the three plants is far from the industrial center in the Java-Sumatra area. Therefore, an LNG plant will be established in the Java-Sumatra region to help meet domestic and global LNG needs, which is precisely located at the Kenawang river block well, in Musi Banyuasin, South Sumatra with a raw material of 290 MMSCFD and a production capacity of 1.65 MTPA. The main process in this LNG plant consists of 4 units, namely acid gas removal unit which uses wet absorption process using aMDEA, gas dehydration unit which uses physical absorption process with TEG and adsorption using molecular sieve 3A, fractination unit which consists of deethanizer & debutanizer columns, and liquefaction unit which will use APCI process with C3-MR refrigerant. Based on a series of processes that have been made, natural gas with a mass flow rate of 311,670.5 kg/hour can be processed into several products in the form of 209,093.8 kg/hour LNG, 26,283.9 kg/hour LPG, and 4,876.4 kg/hour Condensate. The specifications of each product produced are appropriate and suitable for sale, which makes this LNG Plant from Natural Gas feasible from an engineering perspective. Based on the economic analysis that has been carried out on this plant, the estimated capital (CAPEX) is IDR 8,654,983,646,414; operating costs (OPEX) are IDR 2,806,928,486,589/year. The estimated life of the plant is 15 years, and the loan repayment period is 7.91 years. Based on the results of the economic analysis, the establishment of an LNG plant from Natural Gas with a capacity of 1.65 MTPA is economically feasible. Based on the calculations that have been carried out, the IRR value is 24.38%, POT for 7.91 years, with a BEP of 26.11 and a positive NPV, which is IDR 107,879,363,450,711. From the results of the analysis and calculations that have been carried out, it can be concluded that this factory is profitable and feasible to establish

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Natural Gas, LNG, LPG, Condensate, Gas Alam, LNG, LPG, Condensate
Subjects: T Technology > T Technology (General)
T Technology > T Technology (General) > T174.5 Technology--Risk assessment.
T Technology > T Technology (General) > T55 Industrial Safety
T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation
T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP343 Liquid and gaseous fuel
T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP761.L5 Liquefied natural gas
T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS176 Manufacturing engineering. Process engineering (Including manufacturing planning, production planning)
Divisions: Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Fa'izul Qholbi Tamimi
Date Deposited: 02 Aug 2023 01:44
Last Modified: 02 Aug 2023 01:44
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/100214

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