Kajian Pustaka Performa Unit Pengolahan Air Minum terhadap Penyisihan Emerging Contaminants

Azzahra, Hana (2023) Kajian Pustaka Performa Unit Pengolahan Air Minum terhadap Penyisihan Emerging Contaminants. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Emerging contaminants merupakan bahan kimia termasuk bahan sintesis, alami, atau mikroorganisme yang tidak umum dipantau di lingkungan dan memberikan efek buruk pada lingkungan dan manusia. Bahan kimia ini dapat berasal dari limbah domestik yang merupakan hasil penggunaan produk farmasi oleh manusia, meliputi ibuprofen dan asetaminofen. Emerging contaminant dapat bersumber dari limbah industri seperti senyawa perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Instalasi pengolahan air minum (IPAM) konvensional tidak dirancang secara khusus untuk menghilangkan emerging contaminants sehingga senyawa-senyawa tersebut dapat memasuki sistem perairan dan memengaruhi proses pengolahan air minum. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengkaji efisiensi penyisihan parameter ibuprofen, asetaminofen, dan PFOA menggunakan IPAM konvensional dan menentukan unit pengolahan air minum yang sesuai untuk menyisihkan parameter ibuprofen, asetaminofen, dan PFOA di IPAM berdasarkan literatur yang ada. Metode yang digunakan berupa kajian pustaka menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif terkait pencemaran air permukaan dan air minum serta dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh ibuprofen, asetaminofen, dan PFOA, instalasi pengolahan air minum konvensional, dan jenis pengolahan air minum yang dapat menyisihkan ibuprofen, asetaminofen, dan PFOA. Analisa data difokuskan pada efisiensi penyisihan parameter ibuprofen, asetaminofen, dan PFOA menggunakan instalasi pengolahan air minum konvensional dan melakukan simulasi sederhana untuk menentukan unit pengolahan air minum yang sesuai untuk menyisihkan parameter ibuprofen, asetaminofen, dan PFOA di IPAM. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, IPAM konvensional mampu menurunkan konsentrasi ibuprofen dalam air dengan efisiensi 40%, 20%, dan 36% melalui proses koagulasi-flokulasi, filtrasi pasir, dan disinfeksi. Sementara itu, asetaminofen memiliki efisiensi penyisihan sebesar 67%, 51%, dan 66,45% dengan menggunakan metode yang sama. Namun, senyawa PFOA memiliki efisiensi penyisihan yang rendah yaitu 5%, 7%, dan 2% untuk koagulasi-flokulasi, penyaringan pasir, dan disinfeksi. Teknologi pengolahan membran dengan reverse osmosis (RO) dapat menghilangkan senyawa ibuprofen, asetaminofen, dan PFOA secara lebih efektif dengan efisiensi penyisihan masing-masing sebesar 99,99%, 96%, dan 100%.
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Emerging contaminants are chemicals including synthetic, natural, or microorganism origin that are uncommonly monitored in environment and have adverse effects on environment and humans. These chemicals can originate from domestic waste as the result of human use of pharmaceutical products, including ibuprofen and acetaminophen. Emerging contaminants can be sourced from industrial effluents such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) compounds. Conventional Drinking Water Treatment Plants (CDWTP) are not specifically designed to remove emerging contaminants so that these compounds can enter water system and affect drinking water treatment process. The objectives of this study were to assess removal efficiency of ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and PFOA parameters using CDWTP and determine the appropriate drinking water treatment unit to remove ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and PFOA parameters in drinking water treatment plants based on existing literature. The method used was a literature review using quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis related to surface water and drinking water pollution and the impacts caused by ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and PFOA, CDWTP, and types of drinking water treatment that can remove ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and PFOA. Data analysis focused on removal efficiency of ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and PFOA parameters using a CDWTP and conducted simple simulations to determine the appropriate drinking water treatment unit to remove ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and PFOA parameters in the WWTP. Based on research results, the CDWTP was able to reduce ibuprofen concentration in water with 40%, 20%, and 36% efficiency through coagulation-flocculation, sand filtration, and disinfection. Meanwhile, acetaminophen had removal efficiencies of 67%, 51%, and 66.45% using the same methods. However, PFOA compounds had low removal efficiencies of 5%, 7%, and 2% for coagulation-flocculation, sand filtration, and disinfection, respectively. Membrane treatment technology with reverse osmosis (RO) can remove ibuprofen, acetaminophen, and PFOA compounds more effectively with removal efficiencies of 99.99%, 96%, and 100%, respectively

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Asetaminofen, Emerging Contaminants, Ibuprofen, Instalasi Pengolahan Air Minum, Perfluorooctanoic Acid, Acetaminophen, Drinking Water Treatment Plant, Emerging contaminants, Ibuprofen, Perfluorooctanoic acid.
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD259.2 Drinking water. Water quality
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Hana Azzahra
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2023 05:47
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2023 05:47
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/100236

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