Hagesty, Indri Zaena (2023) Kajian Efektivitas Mangrove Untuk Remediasi Lingkungan Pesisir Tercemar. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Aktivitas antropogenik oleh masyarakat di sekitar kawasan pesisir berpotensi mencemari ekosistem sekitarnya. Selain itu, daerah pesisir sebagai muara dari beberapa aliran sungai membuatnya sangat rentan mengalami pencemaran dari berbagai sumber. Daerah pesisir biasa didiami oleh beberapa jenis tumbuhan seperti salah satunya adalah tumbuhan mangrove. Indonesia menempati posisi pertama sebagai negara kepulauan dengan hutan mangrove terluas di dunia. Mangrove merupakan jenis tumbuhan yang unik karena bisa tumbuh di kawasan salinitas tinggi. Salah satu kemampuan yang dimiliki oleh mangrove adalah dapat melakukan proses fitoremediasi untuk mengurangi konsentrasi logam berat. Studi literatur ini akan membahas terkait efektivitas mangrove untuk remediasi lingkungan pesisir tercemar dengan studi kasus di Pantai Kenjeran dan daerah kawasan mangrove Wonorejo Surabaya. Selain itu, dikaji pula pengaruh jumlah dan jenis tumbuhan pada eksosistem hutan mangrove terhadap efektivitas remediasinya. Kajian pustaka bersumber dari literatur berupa hasil penelitian, jurnal, buku, laporan, skripsi atau tugas akhir terkait keanekaragaman tumbuhan mangrove, pencemaran pada daerah pesisir dan hasil-hasil penelitian sebelumnya terkait kemampuan mangrove untuk remediasi polutan logam berat di daerah pesisir dan laut. Hasil analisis data dari kajian pustaka akan dibahas sesuai wilayah studi kasus yang sudah ditentukan. Hasil kajian pustaka menunjukkan kemampuan mangrove dalam menyerap logam berat bervariasi setiap jenisnya dan bergantung pula dari jenis logam berat apa yang diserap. Jenis mangrove dengan jenis logam berat yang paling optimal diserap masing-masing yaitu: Sonneratia alba menyerap Pb hingga 5,542 ppm; Avicennia alba menyerap Cu hingga 51,5 ppm; Avicennia marina menyerap Cd hingga 1,003 ppm dan Zn hingga 0,114 ppm; Rhizophora menyerap Hg hingga 13,882 ppm. Rizhophora apiculata mampu mengurangi logam Cr dengan persentase penyisihan mencapai 65,34%. Jumlah tumbuhan mangrove per satuan luas juga mempengaruhi efektivitasnya dalam meremediasi logam berat. Semakin padat tumbuhan mangrove maka jumlah logam berat yang dapat diserap juga semakin banyak. Mangrove dengan jenis A. marina yang terdapat pada Pantai Kenjeran Surabaya dan kawasan Mangrove Wonorejo paling optimal menyerap logam berat Pb dan Cu dengan jumlah 4 tumbuhan/m2. Sedangkan untuk logam berat Cd, jumlah tumbuhan optimum sebanyak 3 pohon/m2.
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Anthropogenic activities by communities around coastal areas have the potential to pollute the surrounding ecosystem. In addition, the coastal area as the estuary of several rivers makes it very susceptible to pollution from various sources. Coastal areas are usually inhabited by several types of plants, one of which is a mangrove plant. Indonesia occupies the first position as an archipelagic country with the largest mangrove forest in the world. Mangroves are a unique type of plant because they can grow in areas of high salinity. One of the abilities possessed by mangroves is that they can carry out a phytoremediation process to reduce heavy metal concentrations. This literature study will discuss the effectiveness of mangroves for remediation of polluted coastal environments with case studies on Kenjeran Beach and the Wonorejo mangrove area in Surabaya. In addition, the effect of the number and type of plants in the mangrove forest ecosystem on the effectiveness of remediation was also studied. Literature review comes from literature in the form of research results, journals, books, reports, theses or final assignments related to the diversity of mangrove plants, pollution in coastal areas and the results of previous studies related to the ability of mangroves to remediate heavy metal pollutants in coastal and marine areas. The results of data analysis from the literature review will be discussed according to the predetermined case study areas. The results of the literature review show that the ability of mangroves to absorb heavy metals varies for each type and also depends on what type of heavy metals are absorbed. Types of Mangrove with the most optimal types of heavy metals are absorbed respectively: Sonneratia alba absorbs Pb up to 5.542 ppm; Avicennia alba absorbed Cu up to 51.5 ppm; Avicennia marina absorbed Cd up to 1.003 ppm and Zn up to 0.114 ppm; Rhizophora absorbs Hg up to 13.882 ppm. Rizophora apiculata able to reduce Cr metal with a removal percentage of up to 65.34%. The number of mangrove plants per unit area also affects their effectiveness in remediating heavy metals. The denser the mangrove plants, the more heavy metals that can be absorbed. Mangroves with the type A. marina found on Kenjeran Beach and the Wonorejo Mangrove area are the most optimal in absorbing heavy metals Pb and Cu with an amount of 4 plants/m2. As for the heavy metal Cd, the optimum number of plants is 3 trees/m2.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Efektivitas Remediasi, Fitoremediasi, Logam Berat, Mangrove, Pesisir Tercemar. =========== Heavy Metals, Mangroves, Phytoremediation, Polluted Coastal Areas, Remediation Effectiveness. |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QK Botany > QK938.M27 Mangrove forests and swamps T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD420 Water pollution |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Indri Zaena Hagesty |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Aug 2023 08:31 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Aug 2023 08:31 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/100318 |
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