Desain Pabrik Minyak Atsiri dari Daun Nilam Menggunakan Metode Ekstraksi Karbon Dioksida Superkritis

Asri, Ajeng Almira Tarisha and Gautama, Pramudya Riandana Bhayu (2023) Desain Pabrik Minyak Atsiri dari Daun Nilam Menggunakan Metode Ekstraksi Karbon Dioksida Superkritis. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 02211940000038_02211940000041-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only until 1 October 2025. Download (3MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Minyak atsiri menjadi salah satu komoditas di Indonesia dan secara umum digunakan sebagai bahan pengikat (fiksatif) dalam pembuatan parfum, pewangi, kosmetika, farmasi, bahan penyedap (flavoring agent) dalam industri makanan dan minuman. Salah satu contoh minyak atrisi ialah minyak nilam dimana Indonesia menjadi produsen utama minyak nilam dunia dan menguasai 95% pasar. Komponen kimia utama yang menjadi primadona dunia dari minyak nilam adalah Patchouli alcohol dengan kadar dari Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) minimal 30%. Setelah melakukan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), proses pembuatan pabrik minyak nilam yang cocok dan memenuhi parameter yang diinginkan adalah metode ekstraksi karbon dioksida superkritis. Pembuatan pabrik minyak nilam ini direncanakan mulai dibangun pada tahun 2023 di Kecamatan Kinali, Kabupaten Pasaman Barat, Sumatera Barat dan direncanakan beroperasi pada tahun 2026 dengan kapasitas total 98,64 ton/tahun. Modal diperoleh dengan perbandingan 40% modal sendiri dan 60% modal pinjaman. Studi evaluasi ekonomi pabrik menunjukkan bahwa pabrik ini memiliki biaya penaksiran modal (CAPEX) sebesar Rp245.783.550.136,33 dan biaya operasional (OPEX) sebesar Rp248.446.730.157,46. Analisis perhitungan ekonomi pabrik juga didapatkan hasil-hasil sebagai berikut; total modal investasi sebesar Rp223.373.453.208 per tahun; dan hasil penjualan pertahun sebesar Rp315.654.826.667 per tahun. Estimasi umur pabrik dan waktu pengembalian pinjaman selama 10 tahun menghasilkan Break event point (BEP) sebesar 35,29%, Internal rate of return (IRR) sebesar 23,44 %, dan Payout time (POT) selama 5 tahun. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pabrik layak untuk didirikan. Aspek sosial membantu peningkatan kesejahteraan dengan mengurangi jumlah pengangguran daerah dan membantu 897 petani. Adapun penanganan dampak lingkungan pabrik dilakukan dengan mengolah limbah padat berupa ampas daun nilam yang diproses menjadi pupuk dan limbah cair berupa process water, cooling water, dan steam condensate yang diolah dengan menaati peraturan yang berlaku.

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Essential oils are one of the commodities in Indonesia and are generally used as fixatives in the manufacture of perfumes, fragrances, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, flavoring agents in the food and beverage industry. One example of attrition oil is patchouli oil where Indonesia is the world's main producer of patchouli oil and controls 95% of the market. The main chemical component that is the world's prima donna of patchouli oil is Patchouli alcohol with levels from the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) of at least 30%. After carrying out the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, the process of making a patchouli oil plant that is suitable and meets the desired parameters is the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method. The patchouli oil plant is planned to begin construction in 2023 in Kinali District, West Pasaman Regency, West Sumatra and is planned to operate in 2026 with a total capacity of 98.64 tons / year. Capital is obtained in a ratio of 40% own capital and 60% borrowed capital. The economic evaluation study of the plant shows that this factory has a capital assessment cost (CAPEX) of Rp245.783.550.136,33 and operational costs (OPEX) of Rp248.446.730.157,46. Analysis of factory economic calculations also obtained the following results; total investment capital of Rp223,373,453,208 per year ; and annual sales of Rp315,654,826,667 per year. The estimated factory life and loan repayment time for 10 years resulted in a Break event point (BEP) of 35.29%, Internal rate of return (IRR) of 23.44%, and Payout time (POT) of 5 years. This result shows that the factory is feasible to establish. The social aspect helped improve welfare by reducing the number of unemployed people in the area and helping 897 farmers. The handling of the environmental impact of the factory is carried out by processing solid waste in the form of patchouli leaf pulp which is processed into fertilizer and liquid waste in the form of process water, cooling water, and steam condensate which is processed by complying with applicable regulations.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Minyak nilam, Ekstraksi superkritis, Karbon dioksida, Patchouli oil, Supercritical extraction, Carbon dioxide
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD416 Essences and essential oils. Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63 Extraction T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP156 Crystallization. Extraction (Chemistry). Fermentation. Distillation. Emulsions.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ajeng Almira Tarisha Asri
Date Deposited:	28 Jul 2023 03:52
Last Modified:	28 Jul 2023 08:35
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/100356

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