Desain Pabrik Bioetanol dari Fraksinasi Lignoselulosa Bagasse Tebu dengan Metode Steam Explosion

Mathoyah, Athif Afisga and Hendrico, Mochamad Dinandya (2023) Desain Pabrik Bioetanol dari Fraksinasi Lignoselulosa Bagasse Tebu dengan Metode Steam Explosion. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pembuatan bioetanol berbahan baku ampas tebu atau bagasse ini merupakan salah satu upaya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi masyarakat dan juga sebagai solusi untuk meminimalkan ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap penggunaan bahan bakar minyak yang berasal dari fosil. Hal ini didukung oleh oleh Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Nomor 32 Tahun 2008 tentang Penyediaan, Pemanfaatan, dan Tata Niaga Bahan Bakar Nabati (Biofuel) sebagai bahan bakar lain (alternatif). Berdasarkan peraturan tersebut Pemerintah menetapkan kewajiban untuk minimal memulai pemanfaatan bahan bakar nabati seperti biodiesel, bioethanol, dan minyak nabati murni sebagai campuran bahan bakar minyak (BBM) yang meliputi sector rumah tangga, transportasi, industri, dan komersial serta pembangkit listrik sebanyak 20% terhadap kebutuhan total pada tahun 2025. Dengan demikian, pada tahun 2026 dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsumsi bioethanol akan meningkat. Dari perhitungan yang dilakukan berdasarkan data dari Indonesia Biofuel Annual Report tahun 2019, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pada tahun 2026 sebesar 34.496,25 kL. Dengan demikian, diharapkan pendirian Pabrik Bioetanol dapat memenuhi kebutuhan etanol di Indonesia sebesar 57,37%. Oleh karena itu, pabrik ini direncanakan akan beroperasi dengan kapasitas 19.789,6 kL/tahun dengan asumsi 330 hari produksi.
Modal diperoleh dengan perbandingan 40% Modal Sendiri dan 60% Modal Pinjaman. Berdasarkan studi analisis ekonomi, diperoleh penaksiran modal (CAPEX) sebesar Rp. 729.203.600.748 dan biaya operasional (OPEX) sebesar Rp. 139.528.672.821. Dengan perkiraan umur pabrik 25 tahun didapatkan Internal Rate Return (IRR) sebesar 22,05%; Pay Out Time (POT) sebesar 5,41 tahun; Break Event Point (BEP) sebesar 36,59%. Berdasarkan aspek sosial, pembangunan pabrik ini akan memberikan peluang lapangan pekerjaan yang mampu mengurangi pengangguran di Jawa Timur terutama Kota Kediri. Sedangkan dari segi lingkungan, pabrik ini dapat mengurangi limbah bagasse sebanyak 353.664 ton/tahun. Dengan demikian, berdasarkan aspek penilaian ekonomi dan teknis maka Pabrik Bioetanol berbahan baku bagasse tebu ini layak didirikan.
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Bioethanol made from bagasse is one of the efforts to meet the energy needs of the community and also as a solution to minimize the community's dependence on the use of fossil fuels. This is supported by the Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Number 32 of 2008 concerning the Provision, Utilization and Trade Administration of Biofuels as other (alternative) fuels. Based on this regulation, the Government stipulates an obligation to at least start utilizing biofuels such as biodiesel, bioethanol, and pure vegetable oil as a mixture of fuel oil (BBM) which includes the household, transportation, industrial and commercial sectors as well as power generation as much as 20% of the national demand. total in 2025. Thus, in 2026 it can be concluded that bioethanol consumption will increase.From calculations made based on data from the 2019 Indonesia Biofuel Annual Report, it is concluded that in 2026 it will be 34,496.25 kL. Thus, it is expected that the establishment of a Bioethanol Plant can meet Indonesia's ethanol demand of 57.37%. Therefore, this plant is planned to operate with a capacity of 19,789.6 kL/year assuming 330 days of production.
The fund is obtained in a ratio of 40% Own Capital and 60% Loan Capital. Based on economic analysis studies, an estimated capital (CAPEX) of IDR 729.203.600.748 and operational costs (OPEX) of IDR 139.528.672.821. With an estimated plant age of 25 years, the Internal Rate Return (IRR) is 22.05%; Pay Out Time (POT) of 5.41 years; Break Event Point (BEP) of 36.59%. Based on the social aspect, the construction of this plant will provide job opportunities that can reduce unemployment in East Java, especially in the Kediri. Meanwhile, from an environmental point of view, this factory can reduce bagasse waste by 353.664 tons/year. Thus, based on aspects of economic and technical assessment, the Bioethanol Factory made from sugarcane bagasse is feasible to establish.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Bagasse Tebu, Bioetanol, Steam Explosion, Bioethanol, Sugarcane Bagasse
Subjects: T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.3 Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering
T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP339 Ethanol as fuel. Biomass energy.
Divisions: Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Mochamad Dinandya Hendrico
Date Deposited: 31 Jul 2023 17:07
Last Modified: 31 Jul 2023 17:07
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/100389

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