Mansur, Moh. Safi'i (2023) Eksperimental dan Numerikal Studi Perilaku Geser pada Balok Beton Bertulang Geopolimer Berbasis High Calcium Fly Ash Sistem Kering. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Beton geopolimer merupakan beton ramah lingkungan yang salah satu material penyusunnya menggunakan fly ash. Fly ash terbagi menjadi 2, yaitu low calcium fly ash dan high calcium fly ash. Penggunaan low calcium fly ash sudah pada tahap aplikasi di lapangan, sedangkan high calcium fly ash masih pada tahap penelitian karena masih memiliki kekurangan. Salah satu kekurangannya adalah setting time yang singkat. Upaya mengatasi setting time tersebut salah satunya dengan cara menggunakan pencampuran sistem kering. Metode pencampuran tersebut dapat memberikan setting time yang lebih baik. Penelitian tentang komponen desain struktur menggunakan beton geopolimer berbasis high calcium fly ash masih terbatas dan belum memiliki cakupan yang komprehensif. Sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut tentang perilaku struktur beton geopolimer tersebut. Salah satu perilaku struktur yang harus diketahui adalah perilaku struktur geser pada elemen balok beton bertulang. Oleh karena itu, peneliti melakukan studi tentang perilaku geser pada balok beton bertulang geopolimer berbasis high calcium fly ash menggunakan sistem kering.
Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan cara melakukan eksperimental dan numerikal tentang perilaku geser balok beton geopolimer tersebut. Pembuatan beton geopolimer ini menggunakan pencampuran sistem kering dengan mutu 35 MPa disetiap spesimen. Spesimen yang diujikan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 5 buah balok beton bertulang GPC (Geopolymer Concrete) dan 1 balok beton bertulang PCC (Portland Cement Concrete). Spesimen menggunakan 5 buah balok berukuran sama yaitu 150 x 250 x 1800 mm dengan masing-masing kode G1A2, G1B2, G1B2.5, G2B2, G1C2 serta P1B2. Balok- balok tersebut akan dilakukan pengujian geser secara eksperimen dengan 2 points load disepanjang bentang sesuai dengan letak beban a/d setiap balok. Selain itu akan dilakukan numerikal studi menggunakan program 3D-NLFEA.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rasio tulangan geser berbanding lurus peningkatan kapasitas geser sebesar 12,05 %, rasio bentang lokasi pembebanan terhadap ketinggian efektif (a/d) berbanding terbalik dengan peningkatan kapasitas geser sebesar 22,63 % dan rasio tulangan lentur berbanding lurus terhadap peningkatan kapasitas geser sebesar 31,27 %. Namun, hasil beton geopolimer (GPC) dengan beton normal (PCC) tidak dapat dibandingkan karena perbedaan mutu kuat tekan beton yang signifikan. Pemodelan dengan 3D-NLFEA mampu memprediksi perilaku geser yang sesuai dengan hasil eksperimen dengan nilai perbandingan beban puncak hasil eksperimen terhadap hasil pemodelan sebesar 1,01. Selain itu perbandingan kapasitas geser hasil eksperimen dengan perhitungan sesuai ACI 318-19 menunjukkan bahwa ACI 318-19 lebih konservatif, karena mempertimbangkan keamanan dari segi desain. Serta pola retak hasil analisis DIC (digital image correlation) menunjukkan perilaku yang sama dengan eksperimen. Pola retak yang sangat kecil mampu terdeteksi dengan analisis DIC.
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Geopolymer concrete is an eco-friendly concrete that uses fly ash as one of its materials. There are two types of fly ash, low calcium fly ash, and high calcium fly ash. The use of low calcium fly ash is already at the application stage in the field, while high calcium fly ash is still at the research stage because it still has shortcomings. A short setting time is one of the drawbacks. Efforts to overcome the setting time are one of them by using a dry mixing method. The mixing method can provide a better setting time. Research on structural design components using high calcium fly ash- based geopolymer concrete is still limited and needs a comprehensive scope. So, it is necessary to conduct further research on the behavior of the geopolymer concrete structure. One of the structural behaviors that must be known is the behavior of shear structures in reinforced concrete beam elements. Therefore, the researcher studied the shear behavior of high calcium fly ash-based geopolymer-reinforced concrete beams using a dry mixing method.
The method used in this research was to do experimental and numerical methods about the shear behavior of the geopolymer concrete beams. This geopolymer concrete was manufactured using a dry mixing method with a compressive strength of 35 MPa for each specimen. The specimens tested in this study were 5 specimens of GPC (Geopolymer Concrete) reinforced concrete beams and 1 PCC (Portland Cement Concrete) reinforced concrete beam. The specimen used six beams of the same size, 150 x 250 x 1800 mm, with each code G1A2, G1B2, G1B2.5, G2B2, G1C2, and P1B2. The beams will be subjected to an experimental shear test with a 2-point load along the span according to the location of the load a/d for each beam. In addition, a numerical study will be carried out using the 3D-NLFEA program.
The results showed that the ratio of shear reinforcement is directly proportional to the increase in shear capacity of 12.05%, the ratio of the span of the loading location to the effective height (a/d) is inversely proportional to the increase in shear capacity of 22.63%, and the ratio of flexural reinforcement is directly proportional to the increase in shear capacity of 31.27%. However, the results of geopolymer concrete (GPC) and normal concrete (PCC) cannot be compared due to the significant differences in concrete compressive strength. Modeling with 3D-NLFEA can predict shear behavior by the experimental results with a peak load ratio of the experimental results to the modeling results of 1.01. In addition, a comparison of the shear capacity of the experimental results with calculations according to ACI 318-19 shows that ACI 318-19 is more conservative because it considers safety from a design point of view. As well as the crack pattern of the DIC (digital image correlation) analysis results show the same behavior as the experiment. Microscopic crack patterns can be detected by DIC analysis.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | beton geopolimer, high calcium fly ash, sistem kering, balok, kapasitas geser, eksperimental, numerikal, ACI 318-19, DIC. geopolymer concrete, high calcium fly ash, dry mixing method, beams, shear capacity, experimental, numerical, ACI 318-19. |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD9622 Cement. Concrete. Cement and concrete additives T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA440 Concrete--Cracking. T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA444 Reinforced concrete |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | MOH. SAFI'I MANSUR |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jul 2023 07:45 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Jul 2023 07:45 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/100437 |
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