Pra Desain Pabrik Sorbitol Dari Tepung Jagung Dengan Proses Hidrogenasi Katalitik

Kinasih, Rania Sekar and Admarita, Diva (2023) Pra Desain Pabrik Sorbitol Dari Tepung Jagung Dengan Proses Hidrogenasi Katalitik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sorbitol adalah senyawa monosakarida polyhydric alcohol dengan tingkat kemanisan 0,6 kali relatif lebih rendah dari sukrosa dan memiliki nilai kalori yang rendah, yaitu sebesar 2,6 kalori/gram sehingga merupakan jenis gula yang aman dikonsumsi oleh penderita diabetes, obesitas, dan kariogenesis pada gigi. Pembuatan sorbitol dari bahan baku pati jagung melalui dua tahap proses utama yaitu proses perubahan starch dari bahan baku pati melalui proses utama yaitu proses perubahan starch menjadi glukosa melalui hidrolisa enzim, dimana enzim yang digunakan yaitu α-amilase dan glukoamilase. Tahap kedua yaitu proses pengubahan glukosa menjadi sorbitol menggunakan proses hidrogenasi katalitik.
Industri sorbitol dinilai sangat strategis karena sorbitol banyak dimanfaatkan di berbagai industri, seperti industri pangan, farmasi, kosmetik, kimia serta bidang industri lainnya. Sehingga, bahan baku sorbitol secara tidak langsung sudah menjadi bagian dari kebutuhan sehari-hari. Permintaan sorbitol meningkat dari tahun ke tahun seiring dengan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya memperhatikan nutrisi pada makanan dan minuman serta bahaya diabetes. Kebutuhan sorbitol nasional akan meningkat dengan sejalannya pertumbuhan penduduk serta meningkatnya perkembangan dan pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia.
Pabrik sorbitol ini direncanakan akan didirikan di Kabupaten Lamongan, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Dimana salah satu pertimbangan utama pemilihan lokasi ini adalah ketersediaan bahan baku, lahan, dan nilai UMK tenaga kerja. Selain itu karena letaknya yang strategis untuk pemasaran karena akses transportasi darat yang mudah dan dekat dengan pelabuhan sehingga mempermudah proses pemasaran dan menjangkau konsumen yang sebagian besar berada di Pulau Jawa. Dengan berdirinya pabrik sorbitol ini diharapkan dapat memenuhi pertumbuhan permintaan sorbitol di dalam negeri dan meningkatkan taraf hidup penduduk sekitar. Pabrik direncanakan beroperasi secara kontinyu 24 jam selama 330 hari pertahun operasi dengan perencanaan sebagai berikut :
a. Kapasitas produksi : 16.000 ton/tahun
b. Jumlah tenaga kerja : 168 orang/hari
c. Kebutuhan bahan baku tepung jagung : 17979.90 ton/tahun
Pabrik ini direncanakan mulai dibangun pada tahun 2023 dan direncanakan beroperasi pada tahun 2025. Modal diperoleh dengan perbandingan 60% modal sendiri dan 40% modal pinjaman. Pendirian pabrik sorbitol memerlukan biaya investasi modal tetap (fixed capital) sebesar Rp 995,573,535,939.60, modal kerja (working capital) Rp 175,689,447,518.75, investasi total Rp 1,171,262,983,458.35, biaya produksi per tahun Rp 570,644,384,572 dan hasil penjualan per tahun Rp 799,999,992,400.00. Dari analisa ekonomi didapatkan Internal Rate of Return sesudah pajak sebesar 20,35%, POT sesudah pajak 4,765 tahun, BEP 41,61% dan nilai NPV adalah Rp 269,593,297,802. Dari hasil uraian di atas, ditinjau dari segi teknis dan ekonomis, pabrik sorbitol dari tepung jagung ini layak didirikan.
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Sorbitol is a polyhydric alcohol monosaccharide compound with a sweetness level 0.6 times lower than sucrose and has a low caloric value of 2.6 calories/gram, making it a type of sugar that is safe for consumption by people with diabetes, obesity and dental cariogenesis.
The manufacture of sorbitol from corn starch as raw material through two main process stages, namely the process of converting starch from starch raw material through the main process, namely the process of converting starch into glucose through enzyme hydrolysis, where the enzymes used are α-amylase and glucoamylase. The second stage is the process of converting glucose into sorbitol using a catalytic hydrogenation process.
The sorbitol industry is considered very strategic because sorbitol is widely used in various industries, such as the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, chemical and other industrial fields. Thus, the raw material for sorbitol has indirectly become part of our daily needs. Demand for sorbitol increases from year to year along with public awareness of the importance of paying attention to nutrition in food and beverages and the dangers of diabetes. National demand for sorbitol will increase in line with population growth and the increasing development and development of Indonesia's economy.
The sorbitol factory is planned to be established in Lamongan Regency, East Java Province. Where one of the main considerations for choosing this location is the availability of raw materials, land, and the minimum wage for labor. In addition, because of its strategic location for marketing because of easy access to land transportation and close to the port, making it easier for the marketing process and to reach consumers, most of whom are on the island of Java. With the establishment of the sorbitol factory, it is hoped that it will be able to meet the growing demand for sorbitol in the country and improve the standard of living of the local population. The plant is planned to operate continuously 24 hours for 330 days per year of operation with the following planning:
a. Production capacity: 16,000 tons/year
b. Number of workers: 168 people/day
c. The need for raw materials for corn flour: 17979.90 tons/year
This factory is planned to start construction in 2023 and is planned to operate in 2025. Capital is obtained with a ratio of 60% own capital and 40% loan capital. The establishment of a sorbitol factory requires a fixed capital investment of Rp 995,573,535,939.60, working capital of Rp 175,689,447,518.75, total investment of Rp 1,171,262,983,458.35, annual production costs of Rp 570,644,384,572 and annual sales results of Rp Rp 799,999,992,400.00. From the economic analysis it was found that the Internal Rate of Return after tax was 20.35%, POT after tax was 4.765 years, BEP was 41.61% and the NPV value was Rp 269,593,297,802. From the results of the description above, from a technical and economic point of view, a sorbitol plant from corn flour is feasible to establish.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Catalytic Hydrogenation, Sorbitol, Corn Starch, Hidrogenasi Katalitik, Sorbitol, Tepung Jagung
Subjects: T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions: Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Rania Sekar Kinasih
Date Deposited: 31 Jul 2023 06:54
Last Modified: 31 Jul 2023 06:54
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/100500

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