Pengaruh Variasi Bioaktivator terhadap Pengomposan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS)

Maharani, Azizah Izzah (2023) Pengaruh Variasi Bioaktivator terhadap Pengomposan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) merupakan limbah yang dihasilkan dari proses pembuatan minyak kelapa sawit. Pada setiap Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) dihasilkan 23% limbah TKKS. Salah satu proses pengolahan limbah yang mudah, cepat dan tepat yaitu dengan proses pengomposan. TKKS termasuk ke dalam bahan kompos yang membutuhkan waku lama hingga terdegradasi dan matang. Sehingga dibutuhkan bioaktivator yang mengandung mikroorganisme (jamur dan bakteri) pendegradasi lignin, hemiselulosa dan selulosa. Bioaktivator yang baik bergantung pada konsorsium mikroorganisme yang terkandung di dalamnya, sehingga pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai variasi konsorsium mikroorganisme penyusun bioaktivator terhadap penurunan C/N rasio, persen penyusutan, kematangan kompos, dan makronutrien N,P,K kompos TKKS. Pada penelitian ini terdapat 7 perlakuan bioaktivator yang berasal dari 4 variasi konsorsium. Pengomposan dilakukan selama 7 hari, 35 hari dan 75 hari dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Hasil data yang didapatkan, perlakuan pengomposan dengan adanya penambahan bioaktivator pada parameter persen penyusutan berbeda signifikan, serta pada penurunan C/N rasio, karakteristik fisik (warna & tekstur kompos) dan makronutrien N,P,K tampak adanya pengaruh yang berbeda jauh. Karakteristik kimia berupa kada air, ph, suhu, dan bau berpengaruh tidak jauh berbeda. Hasil data persen penyusutan tertinggi sebesar 42% pada perlakuan 2, waktu pengomposan 75 hari. Penurunan C/N rasio terbaik pada perlakuan 3, lama waktu pengomposan 75 hari sebesar 9,52%. Karakteristik kimia akhir pengomposan berupa suhu, ph dan kandungan air menunjukkan hasil yang mendukung optimalnya proses pengomposan. Karakteristik fisik tekstur dan warna pada waktu pengomposan 75 hari menunjukkan hasil yang paling optimal yaitu untuk warna sudah menunjukkan warna kehitaman dan tekstur kehancuran tertinggi sebesar 55%. Kandungan Nitrogen dan kalium kompos TKKS pada semua perlakuan telah melampaui batas minimal SNI 19-7030-2004 yaitu untuk nitrogen batas minimal 0,4% dan kalium 0,2%. Kandungan Nitrogen (perlakuan 2&3), kalium (perlakuan 3) dan fosfor (perlakuan 2) tertinggi pada lama waktu pengomposan 75 hari berturut-turut adalah sebesar 2,82%, 1,86%, & 0,12%.

Kata kunci: Bioaktivator, C/N Rasio, Degradasi , Kompos, TKKS

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Empty Palm Oil Bunches (EFB) are waste from making palm oil. Each Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) produces 23% OPEFB waste. One of the easy, fast, and precise waste treatment processes is the composting process. The compost material is included in OPEFB, which requires a long time to degrade and mature. Therefore, activators are needed, which contain microorganisms (fungi and bacteria) that degrade lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose. A good bio activator depends on the consortium of microorganisms contained in it, so this study aims to determine the effect of various consortia of microorganisms making up the bio activator on decreasing C/N ratio, percent shrinkage, maturity of compost, and macronutrients N, P, K of OPEFB compost. In this study, there were seven bio activator treatments from 4 variations of the consortium. Composting was carried out for 7 days, 35 days, and 75 days with three repetitions. The results of the data obtained, the composting treatment with the addition of activators on the shrinkage percentage parameter was significantly different, as well as the decrease in C/N ratio, physical characteristics (color & texture of compost), and macronutrients N, P, K, there was a very different effect. Chemical characteristics such as water content, pH, temperature, and odor differ significantly. The highest shrinkage percentage data results were 42% in treatment 2, composting time of 75 days. The best decrease in C/N ratio was in treatment 3, composting time of 75 days was 9.52%. The final chemical characteristics of composting in the form of temperature, pH, and water content show results that support the optimal composting process. The physical characteristics of texture and color at 75 days of composting showed the most optimal results: the color was black, and the highest destruction texture was 55%. The nitrogen and potassium content of OPEFB compost in all treatments exceeded the minimum limit of SNI 19-7030-2004; for nitrogen, the minimum limit was 0.4%, and for potassium, 0.2%. The highest content of nitrogen (treatment 2&3), potassium (treatment 3), and phosphorus (treatment 2) at 75 consecutive days of composting were 2.82%, 1.86% & 0.12%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kata kunci: Bioaktivator, C/N Rasio, Degradasi , Kompos, TKKS Keywords: Bio activator, C/N Ratio, Compos, Degrade, EFB
Subjects:	S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) > S654.5 Biofertilizers
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Azizah Izzah Maharani
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2023 07:46
Last Modified:	05 Aug 2023 07:46
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/100734

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