Pra Desain Pabrik Pigmen Besi Oksida Hitam Dari Limbah Pasir Besi Proses Bayer

Ardiansyah, Rafly Putra and Dwiatmaka, Mikael Sri Kurnia Raditya (2023) Pra Desain Pabrik Pigmen Besi Oksida Hitam Dari Limbah Pasir Besi Proses Bayer. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Limbah pasir besi merupakan produk samping yang dihasilkan oleh proses Bayer untuk mengolah bauksit menjadi alumina. Jumlahnya yang besar memiliki risiko untuk mencemari lingkungan. Salah satu pemanfaatan limbah pasir besi tersebut ialah sebagai bahan baku pembuatan pigmen pewarna. Pra desain pabrik ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan pigmen besi oksida bewarna hitam lewat metode presipitasi. Pembangunan pabrik akan diatur dengan masa konstruksi 2 tahun dan umur pabrik sekitar 20 tahun. Lokasi pabrik direncanakan di Tayan, Kota Kalimantan Barat dengan sistem operasi semi kontinyu dengan kapasitas bahan baku sebesar 76,752 ton/tahun, dengan waktu operasi 24 jam/hari selama 330 hari. Perencanaan pabrik dimulai dengan bahan baku berupa Fe3O4 76,752 ton/tahun, NaOH 33% sebanyak 39,963 ton/tahun, dan H2SO4 12.5% sebesar 23,492 ton/tahun. Lalu pigmen besi oksida hitam yang dihasilkan sebanyak 39,835 ton/tahun. Analisa ekonomi pada pra desain pabrik dimulai dengan modal tetap sebesar Rp. 741,021,879,000, dengan modal kerja Rp. 130,768,566,900, investasi total Rp. 871,790,446,000, biaya produksi total Rp. 461,036,337,655, dan hasil penjualan diperkirakan sebesar Rp. 936,125,714,770/tahun. Berdasarkan data-data perhitungan, didapat laju pengembalian modal sebesar 16.12% berada diatas bunga pinjaman bank yaitu sebesar 8.80% dengan jangka waktu pengembalian modal selama 4 tahun 7 bulan lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan waktu pengembalian modal dari pemberi pinjaman yaitu 20 tahun serta break-even point sebesar 13.1%. Sehingga, pabrik pigmen besi oksida hitam dari limbah pasir besi proses Bayer layak untuk didirikan.
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Iron sand waste is a byproduct generated from the Bayer process used to refine bauxite into alumina. Its large quantity poses a risk of environmental pollution. One of the uses of this iron sand waste is as a raw material for manufacturing black iron oxide pigments through the precipitation method. The preliminary design of the factory aims to produce black iron oxide pigments using this method. The construction of the factory is scheduled to take 2 years, and its operational lifespan is expected to be around 20 years. The planned location for the factory is in Tayan, West Kalimantan, with a semi-continuous operation system and a raw material capacity of 76,752 tons per year. The factory will operate 24 hours a day for 330 days a year. The initial design involves using 76,752 tons per year of Fe3O4, 39,963 tons per year of 33% NaOH, and 23,492 tons per year of 12.5% H2SO4 as raw materials. The resulting black iron oxide pigment will amount to 39,835 tons per year. The economic analysis of the preliminary factory design shows that the fixed capital will be Rp. 741,021,879,000, the working capital will be Rp. 130,768,566,900, resulting in a total investment of Rp. 871,790,446,000. The total production cost is estimated to be Rp. 461,036,337,655, and the projected annual sales revenue is around Rp. 936,125,714,770. Based on the calculated data, the return on investment is 16.12%, which is higher than the bank loan interest rate of 8.80%. The payback period for the investment is 4 years and 7 months, which is shorter compared to the lender's time frame of 20 years. Additionally, the break-even point is 13.1%. Considering these figures, the establishment of a black iron oxide pigment factory using iron sand waste from the Bayer process appears to be financially feasible.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Ekonomi Sirkular, Presipitasi, Limbah, Circular Economy, Precipitation, Waste
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Mikael Sri Kurnia Raditya Dwiatmaka
Date Deposited:	02 Aug 2023 02:20
Last Modified:	02 Aug 2023 02:20
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/100847

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