Alifan, Muhamad Majid and Al Fikri, Moh. Abdillah (2023) Pra-Desain Pabrik C-10 Guerbet Alkohol Etoksilat dengan 8 Etilen Oksida. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kebutuhan surfaktan di Indonesia terus meningkat setiap tahunnya dan diperkirakan akan terus meningkat kedepannya. Surfaktan dapat diklasifikasikan berdasarkan gugus hidrofiliknya, salah satunya surfaktan nonionik yang biasa digunakan sebagai cleansing agent. Salah satu contoh dari surfaktan nonionik adalah C-10 Guerbet Alkohol Etoksilat. Penggunaan C-10 Guerbet Alkohol Etoksilat juga akan dikembangkan sebagai formulasi pestisida. Salah satu perusahaan penghasil pestisida di Indonesia adalah PT. Petrokimia Kayaku. Menurut data PT. Petrokimia Kayaku, kebutuhan C-10 Guerbet Alkohol Etoksilat saat ini masih impor dan belum ada produsennya di Indonesia, sehingga untuk mengurangi jumlah C-10 Guerbet Alkohol Etoksilat yang diimpor dari luar negeri, maka terdapat peluang pembangunan pabrik C-10 Guerbet Alkohol Etoksilat di Indonesia dengan kapastias 430 ton/tahun dan terletak di Kawasan industri Gresik, Jawa Timur. Pabrik ini dioperasikan dalam sistem batch dengan kapasitas 325,76 kg/batch. Berdasarkan analisa neraca massa didapatkan jumlah bahan baku butanol, hexanol, dan etilen oksida yang dibutuhkan dalam 1 batch masing-masing adalah 60,61 kg/batch, 83,39 kg/batch, 183,92 kg/batch. Tahapan dalam pengolahan C-10 Guerbet Alkohol Etoksilat dibagi menjadi 3, yaitu tahapan reaksi guerbet, reaksi netralisasi, dan reaksi etoksilasi. Tahap reaksi guerbet merupakan tahapan untuk menghasilkan C-10 guerbet alkohol dari reaksi antara butanol dan hexanol dengan katalis KOH dan heptanal. Tahapan ini dilakukan di reaktor batch bersuhu 1370C dengan konversi hingga 30%. Sedangkan tahapan netralisasi merupakan tahapan untuk menetralkan larutan dengan cara mereaksikan H2SO4 dengan KOH yang terdapat dalam larutan. Tahapan ini dilakukan di reaktor batch bersuhu 1370C. Tahapan yang terakhir adalah reaksi etoksilasi yang mereaksikan C-10 Guerbet Alkohol dengan 8 Etilen Oksida sehingga menghasilkan produk C-10 Guerbet Alkohol Etoksilat dengan konsentrasi 85%w/w. Untuk dapat mendirikan pabrik dengan kapasitas produksi sebesar 430 ton/tahun, maka diperlukan modal investasi sebesar $4,230,000 dan total biaya produksi sebesar $1,765,840. Estimasi umur pabrik ini adalah 12 tahun terhitung sejak pembangunan dengan Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 10,1%, Waktu Pengembalian Modal (POT) selama 7,2 tahun, dan Break Event Point (BEP) sebesar 55,8%
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The need for surfactants in Indonesia continues to increase every year and is expected to continue to increase in the future. Surfactants can be classified based on their hydrophilic groups, one of which is nonionic surfactants which are commonly used as cleaning agents. One example of a nonionic surfactant is C-10 Guerbet Alcohol Ethoxylate. The use of C-10 Guerbet Alcohol Ethoxylate will also be developed as a pesticide formulation. One of the pesticide producing companies in Indonesia is PT. Kayaku Petrochemicals. According to data from PT. Petrokimia Kayaku, the need for C-10 Guerbet Alcohol Ethoxylate is still imported and there is no producer in Indonesia yet, so to reduce the amount of C-10 Guerbet Alcohol Ethoxylate imported from abroad, there is an opportunity to build a C-10 Guerbet Alcohol Ethoxylate factory in Indonesia with a capacity of 430 tons/year and is located in the Gresik industrial area, East Java. This plant is operated in a batch system with a capacity of 325.76 kg/batch. Based on the mass balance analysis, it was found that the amount of butanol, hexanol, and ethylene oxide needed in 1 batch was 60.61 kg/batch, 83.39 kg/batch, 183.92 kg/batch, respectively. The stages in the processing of C-10 Guerbet Alcohol Ethoxylate are divided into 3, namely the stages of the guerbet reaction, the neutralization reaction, and the ethoxylation reaction. The guerbet reaction step is a step to produce C-10 guerbet alcohol from the reaction between butanol and hexanol with KOH and heptanal catalysts. This stage is carried out in a batch reactor at 1370C with a conversion of up to 30%. While the neutralization stage is the stage to neutralize the solution by reacting H2SO4 with KOH contained in the solution. This stage was carried out in a batch reactor at 1370C. The last stage is the ethoxylation reaction which reacts C-10 Guerbet Alcohol with 8 Ethylene Oxide to produce C-10 Guerbet Alcohol Ethoxylate with a concentration of 85% w/w. To be able to set up a factory with a production capacity of 430 tons/year, an investment capital of $4,230,000 is required and a total production cost of $1,765,840. The estimated age of this factory is 12 years since construction with an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 10.1%, Payback Period (POT) of 7.2 years, and a Break Event Point (BEP) of 55.8%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Al Fikri Moh. Abdillah |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Aug 2023 08:47 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Aug 2023 08:48 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/100894 |
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