Model Analisis Batas Kegagalan Pasar Angkutan Laut Peti Kemas

Farhan, Moh. (2023) Model Analisis Batas Kegagalan Pasar Angkutan Laut Peti Kemas. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Angkutan laut peti kemas adalah sektoral penting distribusi logistik nasional dan merupakan salah satu penyumbang angkutan barang terbesar di Indonesia. Dalam sistem pasar yang tercipta, angkutan laut peti kemas memiliki kendala terbesar yaitu kecenderungan naiknya freight rate secara signifikan. Kenaikan freight rate yang tercipta berasal dari kenaikan komponen biaya pelayaran yang salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh kenaikan harga bahan bakar minyak (BBM) jenis industri. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada sepuluh rute dan di klasifikasikan rute padat dan sedang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari sistem pasar sehingga terjadi keseimbangan dari sudut pandang permintaan dan penawaran sampai dengan peluang dan batas terjadinya kegagalan pasar pada angkutan laut peti kemas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi analisis regresi polinomial berderajat dua, analisis kurva permintaan dan penawaran, analisis keseimbangan pasar, analisis struktur pasar, analisis peluang dan batas kegagalan pasar serta analisis perhitungan biaya pelayaran. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari sisi permintaan rute padat memiliki elastisitas rata-rata 2,19 sedangkan rute sedang sebesar 1,60 dimana pada rute padat elastisitas lebih besar dari rute sedang dikarenakan opsi pengiriman di rute padat cukup bersaing. Pada sisi penawaran elastisitas rata-rata rute padat sebesar 4,38 sedangkan rute sedang sebesar 5,80 dimana elastisitas rute padat lebih kecil daripada rute sedang dikarenakan pada rute sedang komposisi pasar yang tercipta cenderung terkonsentrasi di beberapa perusahaan pelayaran. Pada analisis batas kegagalan pasar rute padat terjadi saat tarif lebih dari Rp12.591/TEUs.Nm, sedangkan kegagalan pasar rute sedang tercipta saat tarif lebih dari Rp5.781/TEUs.Nm. Kenaikan tarif tersebut dikibatkan oleh persentase kenaikan harga BBM lebih dari 111,14% dari harga saat ini. Kegagalan pasar akan mudah tercipta di rute padat yang memiliki sifat pasar oligopoli serta memiliki konsentrasi pasar dengan kategori moderatly concentrated yang diisi oleh banyak perusahaan pelayaran.
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Container sea transport is an important sectoral of national logistics distribution and is one of the largest contributors to freight transport in Indonesia. In the created market system, container sea transportation has the biggest obstacle, namely the tendency for the freight rate to increase significantly. The increase in the freight rate that was created came from an increase in the component of shipping costs, one of which was affected by the increase in the price of industrial fuel oil (BBM). This research was conducted on ten routes and classified as solid and moderate routes. This study aims to study the market system so that there is a balance from the point of view of demand and supply to the opportunities and limits of market failure in container sea transportation. The methods used in this study include polynomial regression analysis of the second degree, demand and supply curve analysis, market equilibrium analysis, market structure analysis, opportunity analysis and market failure thresholds as well as shipping cost calculation analysis. The results of this study indicate that from the demand side, dense routes have an average elasticity of 2.19, while medium routes are 1.60, where the elasticity of dense routes is greater than medium routes because shipping options on busy routes are quite competitive. On the supply side, the average elasticity of busy routes is 4.38 while medium routes are 5.80 where the elasticity of busy routes is smaller than medium routes because on medium routes the market composition created tends to be concentrated in several shipping companies. In the boundary analysis, solid route market failures occur when tariffs are more than IDR 12,591/TEUs.Nm, while route market failures are being created when tariffs are more than IDR 5,781/TEUs.Nm. The increase in tariffs was caused by the percentage increase in fuel prices of more than 111.14% from the current price. Market failure will easily occur on congested routes that have the nature of an oligopoly market and have moderately concentrated market concentration filled by many shipping companies.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	angkutan laut peti kemas, container sea transport, kegagalan pasar, market failure, permintaan dan penawaran, supply and demand
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HA Statistics > HA31.3 Regression. Correlation H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE564.A1 Shipping H Social Sciences > HE Transportation and Communications > HE566.F7 Freighters. Cargo ships T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA169.5 Failure analysis
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Transportation Engineering > 21207-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Moh. Farhan
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2023 07:38
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2023 07:38
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/101427

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