Perhitungan Volume Permukaan Lumpur Sidoarjo Menggunakan Light Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) Untuk Analisis Kerawanan Banjir Lumpur

Ananda, Salsabila (2023) Perhitungan Volume Permukaan Lumpur Sidoarjo Menggunakan Light Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) Untuk Analisis Kerawanan Banjir Lumpur. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Bencana lumpur Sidoarjo merupakan peristiwa menyemburnya lumpur panas di Kabupaten Sidoarjo, Jawa Timur pada 29 Mei 2006. Hingga kini luapan lumpur panas tersebut terus meluas dan dapat membahayakan penduduk yang tinggal di sekitar wilayah tersebut karena bahaya tanggul yang jebol atau lumpur meluap melebihi batas tanggul penahan. Untuk mencegah hal ini, diperlukan analisis volume dan kerawanan lumpur Sidoarjo. Analisis dapat dilakukan menggunakan Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), dihasilkan point cloud permukaan tanah dengan total 41.733.236-point yang memiliki densitas 3,903 samples/m2. Data tersebut digunakan untuk membuat Digital Terrain Model (DTM) wilayah lumpur Sidoarjo. DTM ini memiliki akurasi Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) 0,195 m dengan tingkat kepercayaan LE90 0,322 m untuk standar BIG dan akurasi vertikal kelas 20 cm dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% untuk standar ASPRS. Volume lumpur dihitung untuk setiap jenis lumpur menggunakan metode prismoidal dengan DTM LiDAR sebagai upper surface dan elevasi 3 mdpl sebagai lower surface, sehingga didapatkan total volume lumpur di dalam tanggul penahan adalah 29.633.305,17 m3, dengan volume Air Berlumpur 9.987.931,57 m3, Lumpur Mulai Mengering 4.719.359,92 m3, Lumpur Kering 6.993.143,74 m3, dan Lumpur Basah 7.932.869,94 m3. Untuk analisis kerawanan, dua parameter yang digunakan adalah kemiringan lereng dan tutupan lahan. Pada parameter kemiringan lereng wilayah lumpur Sidoarjo, didapatkan kelas Datar memiliki luasan 7.672.441 m2, kelas Landai dengan luas 3.840.152 m2, kelas Agak Landai dengan luas 314.824 m2, kelas Agak Terjal dengan luas 165.311 m2, dan kelas Terjal memilik luas 947.685 m2. Pada parameter tutupan lahan, untuk kelas Lahan Terbangun, Jalan, Jalur Kereta, Sungai, Danau, dan Lumpur memiliki luas 7.648.611 m2, sedangkan kelas Pertanian, Sawah, Tambak, Kebun, Rawa, dan Lahan Kosong memiliki luas 5.320.286 m2. Berdasarkan analisis kerawanan lumpur Sidoarjo, dihasilkan dua kelas kerawanan, yaitu kelas Sedang dengan luas wilayah 1.371.472 m2 atau 10,599% dari total luas wilayah penelitian dan kelas Tinggi dengan luas wilayah 11.568.748 m2 atau 89,401% dari total luas wilayah penelitian. Berdasarkan informasi DTM, volume, dan Peta Kerawanan ini, dapat diprediksi bahwa arah aliran banjir lumpur Sidoarjo cenderung menuju ke arah timur laut dari tanggul pembatas lumpur, khususnya ke Kecamatan Tanggulangin, Kabupaten Sidoarjo
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Lapindo mud volcano is a disaster in which hot mud erupts in Sidoarjo Regency, East Jawa on May 29, 2006. Up to the present time, the expansion of hot mud overflow continues, posing a threat to residents residing in the surrounding area due to the potential breach of embankments or the overflow of mud surpassing the retaining wall's capacity. To mitigate these risks, an analysis of the volume and susceptibility of the Sidoarjo mud is imperative. The utilization of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) enables the generation of a point cloud representing the ground surface, consisting of a total of 41,733,236 points with a density of 3.903 samples/m2. This data is utilized to construct a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) of the Sidoarjo mud area. The DTM exhibits an accuracy of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.195 m and a confidence level accuracy of 0.322 m at LE90, in accordance with the BIG standard. Furthermore, it demonstrates a vertical accuracy of 20 cm with a 95% confidence level, adhering to the ASPRS standard. The volume of mud is calculated for each type using the prismoidal method, utilizing the LiDAR-derived DTM as the upper surface and an elevation of 3 meters above mean sea level as the lower surface. As a result, the total volume of mud within the retaining wall is estimated at 29,633,305.17 m3, comprising 9,987,931.57 m3 of Slurry Water, 4,719,359.92 m3 of Drying Mud, 6,993,143.74 m3 of Dry Mud, and 7,932,869.94 m3 of Solid Mud. For the susceptibility analysis, two parameters are employed: slope and land cover. Concerning the slope parameter in the Sidoarjo mud area, the Flat class encompasses an area of 7,672,441 m2, the Gentle class covers an area of 3,840,152 m2, the Moderately Gentle class occupies 314,824 m2, the Moderately Steep class encompasses 165,311 m2, and the Steep class spans an area of 947,685 m2. Regarding the land cover parameter, the Built-up Land, Roads, Railways, Rivers, Lakes, and Mud classes, encompass an area of 7,648,611 m2, while the Agricultural Land, Paddy Fields, Fish Ponds, Gardens, Marshes, and Empty Land classes cover an area of 5,320,286 m2. Based on the susceptibility analysis of the Sidoarjo mud, three susceptibility classes are identified: the Medium susceptibility class spans 1.371.472 m2 or 10,599% of the total research area and the High susceptibility class encompasses an area of 11.568.748 m2 or 89,401% of the total research area. Considering the information derived from the DTM, volume, and susceptibility analysis, it can be predicted that the Sidoarjo mudflow tends to progress towards the northeast from the mud retaining wall, specifically directed towards the Tanggulangin District in Sidoarjo Regency.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Lumpur Sidoarjo, LiDAR, Digital Terrain Model, Volume Lumpur, Kerawanan Banjir Lumpur; Sidoarjo Mud, LiDAR, Digital Terrain Model, Mud Volume, Mud Flood Susceptibility
Subjects: G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > G Geography (General) > G70.217 Geospatial data
G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > G Geography (General) > G70.5.I4 Remote sensing
G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GA Mathematical geography. Cartography > GA139 Digital Elevation Model (computer program)
G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GB Physical geography > GB1399.9 Floods
T Technology > T Technology (General) > T174.5 Technology--Risk assessment.
T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.5 Data Processing
Divisions: Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Geomatics Engineering > 29202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Salsabila Ananda
Date Deposited: 31 Aug 2023 07:16
Last Modified: 31 Aug 2023 07:16
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/101436

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