Taqiuddin, Hafizh (2023) Analisa Ekonomi Rekonfigurasi Distribusi AC Menjadi DC Pada Kapal Keruk. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kapal Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger (TSHD) menggunakan peralatan yang membutuhkan daya listrik dalam jumlah besar. Konfigurasi daya yang efisien diperlukan untuk meminimalkan biaya yang dikeluarkan. Rekonfigurasi sistem distribusi listrik dari AC ke DC pada TSHD King Arthur III menjadi salah satu pilihan untuk mengurangi nilai impedansi sistem distribusi listrik. Pengurangan nilai impedansi akan berpengaruh pada nilai tegangan jatuh dan disipasi daya yang juga akan berkurang. Setelah percobaan simulasi dilakukan, perlu dilakukan analisa perbandingan ekonomis yang dikeluarkan antara sebelum dan sesudah rekonfigurasi dari AC ke DC. Sebagai bahan pertimbangan setelah dilakukan simulasi rekonfigurasi sistem distribusi kelistrikan dari AC ke DC, maka dilakukan pengecekan seberapa besar pengaruh rekonfigurasi sistem kelistrikan dari AC ke DC terhadap biaya operasional konsumsi bahan bakar genset pada 4 kondisi (seagoing, manoeuvring, in port, dredging). Biaya operasional didapatkan dengan mengetahui terlebih dahulu lama waktu operasional kapal TSHD. Waktu operasional kapal TSHD diperoleh dari data pelayaran kapal TSHD melalui website marine traffic. Setelah diperoleh lama waktu berlayar, dapat dijumlah konsumsi bahan bakar berdasarkan data operasional tersebut dengan lama waktu pada kondisi dredging 1080 jam, seagoing 168 jam, maneuver 14 jam, dan Port/Anchorage 96 jam dalam 1 kali trip. Kapal TSHD memiliki kemampuan 3 kali trip dalam 1 tahun. Selain itu, pembelian komponen seperti rectifier dan inverter juga harus diperhitungkan untuk membandingkan biaya yang dikeluarkan sebelum dan sesudah rekonfigurasi sistem kelistrikan dari AC ke DC. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa nilai pengadaan komponen kelistrikan untuk distribusi AC adalah sebesar Rp. 309.856.700,33 dan untuk distribusi DC sebesar Rp. 1.566.458.544,53, sehingga selisih biaya yang dikeluarkan sebesar Rp. 1,256,601,854.20. Dari segi biaya komponen yang dikeluarkan, distribusi DC lebih besar, sehingga perlu juga dilihat penghematan bahan bakarnya. Nilai penghematan bahan bakar untuk rekonfigurasi AC ke DC adalah sebesar Rp. 752,643,434.48 pada tahun pertama. Dengan menggunakan tingkat suku bunga diperoleh sebesar 5,75% per tahun diperoleh Net Present Value (NPV) > 1 sebesar Rp. 11.907.736.810,53, Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) 10,48 ≥ 1, dengan menggunakan metode Payback Period (PBP), Penghematan bahan bakar tersebut dapat menutup biaya modal rekonfigurasi kelistrikan setelah kurun waktu 1 tahun 8 bulan setelah dilakukan rekonfigurasi, Internal Rate of Return > 6%, sehingga dapat dikatakan layak dan Berdasarkan analisis tersebut rekonfigurasi AC ke DC layak untuk diimplementasikan.
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Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger (TSHD) vessels use equipment that requires large amounts of electrical power. An efficient power configuration is required to minimise the costs incurred. Reconfiguring the electrical distribution system from AC to DC on the TSHD King Arthur III is one option to reduce the impedance value of the electrical distribution system. Reducing the impedance value will affect the value of voltage drop and power dissipation, which will also be reduced. After the simulation experiment is carried out, it is necessary to analyse the economic comparison made between before and after the reconfiguration from AC to DC. As a consideration after simulating the reconfiguration of the electrical distribution system from AC to DC, it is checked how much influence the reconfiguration of the electrical system from AC to DC has on the operating costs of the generator fuel consumption in 4 conditions (seagoing, manoeuvring, in port, dredging). The operating costs are obtained by first knowing the length of the TSHD vessel's operating time. The operating time of the TSHD vessel is obtained from the TSHD vessel's sailing data via the Maritime Traffic website. After obtaining the length of sailing time, the fuel consumption can be summed up based on the operational data with the length of time in dredging conditions 1080 hours, seagoing 168 hours, manoeuvring 14 hours and port / anchorage 96 hours in 1 voyage. TSHD vessels are capable of making 3 voyages in 1 year. In addition, the purchase of components such as rectifiers and inverters must be taken into account in order to compare the costs before and after the conversion of the electrical system from AC to DC. In this study it was found that the procurement value of electrical components for AC distribution was Rp. 309,856,700.33 and for DC distribution was Rp. 1,566,458,544.53, so the difference in cost incurred was Rp. 1,256,601,854.20. In terms of component costs incurred, DC distribution is greater, so it is also necessary to see the fuel savings. The value of fuel savings for AC to DC reconfiguration is Rp. 752,643,434.48 in the first year. Using the interest rate obtained at 5.75% per year, the Net Present Value (NPV) > 1 is obtained at Rp. 11,907,736,810.53, Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) 10.48 ≥ 1, using the Payback Period (PBP) method, the fuel savings can cover the capital cost of the electrical reconfiguration after a period of 1 year 8 months after the reconfiguration is performed, Internal Rate of Return > 6%, so it can be said that it is feasible and based on this analysis the AC to DC reconfiguration is feasible to implement.
Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | distribusi DC, efisiensi energi, ekonomi, listrik modern dc distribution, economy, energi efficiency, modern electricity |
Subjects: | V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering |
Divisions: | Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
Depositing User: | Hafizh Taqiuddin |
Date Deposited: | 16 Aug 2023 07:34 |
Last Modified: | 16 Aug 2023 07:34 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/101528 |
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