Firmansyah, Andrian (2023) Jejak Keberadaan Macan Tutul Jawa (Panthera pardus melas) Dan Mangsanya Di Kawasan Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Macan Tutul Jawa (Panthera pardus melas) merupakan sub spesies macan tutul (Panthera pardus (Linnaeus, 1758)) yang sebarannya sangat terbatas hanya di Pulau Jawa, Pulau Kangean, Pulau Nusakambangan dan Pulau Sempu. Jenis mangsa serta jejak keberadaan Macan Tutul Jawa di Kawasan Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru (TNBTS) belum pernah diidentifikasi serta dipublikasi secara ilmiah, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jejak keberadaan Macan Tutul Jawa serta mengetahui spesies mangsa dan juga mangsa potensial Macan Tutul Jawa di kawasan Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru, sehingga bermanfaat untuk memberikan informasi baru terkait dasar kebijakan manajemen monitoring satwa prioritas serta sebagai input untuk meningkatkan efektivitas monitoring satwa prioritas di kawasan Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada September hingga Desember 2022 yang terfokus pada Bidang I yaitu RPTN Jabung dan Bidang II yaitu RPTN Candipuro. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini meliputi pemasangan camera trap, pengamatan jejak keberadaan Macan Tutul Jawa, pengambilan sampel feses Macan Tutul Jawa, dan pengambilan sampel feses mangsa potensial Macan Tutul Jawa. Selanjutnya dilakukan identifikasi material pada sampel feses Macan Tutul Jawa dan identifikasi sampel feses mangsa potensial Macan Tutul Jawa, serta identifikasi jejak keberadaan Macan Tutul Jawa dan perhitungan ER (Encounter rate) spesies yang tertangkap camera trap. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan jenis jejak keberadaan Macan Tutul Jawa meliputi feses, muntahan, birthing den, dan cakaran aktif. Spesies yang teridentifikasi sebagai mangsa adalah kijang (Muntiacus muntjac), monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis), musang (Viverricula malaccensis), landak (Hystrix javanica), trenggiling (Manis javanica), dan babi hutan (Sus scrofa). Perhitungan ER Macan Tutul Jawa menunjukkan angka sebesar 16,6 (RPTN Jabung) dan 2,63 (RPTN Candipuro) diikuti dengan mangsa potensial di TNBTS berdasarkan hasil tangkapan camera trap adalah sigung (Mydaus javanensis) dengan ER sebesar 13,8; anis sisik (Zoothera dauma) dengan ER sebesar 5,5; landak (Hystrix javanica) dengan ER sebesar 2,7; musang (Viverricula malaccensis) dengan ER sebesar 22,2; ayam hutan (Gallus gallus) dengan ER sebesar 8,3; garangan Jawa (Herpestes javanicus) dengan ER sebesar 2,7; dan kijang (Muntiacus muntjac) dengan ER sebesar 3,94. Mangsa potensial berdasarkan kubangan yang ditemukan adalah spesies babi hutan (Sus scrofa). Penelitian ini memberikan informasi yang berharga terkait keberadaan dan mangsa serta mangsa potensial untuk konservasi kedepan Macan Tutul Jawa di habitatnya.
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The Javan leopard (Panthera pardus melas) is a subspecies of leopard (Panthera pardus (Linnaeus, 1758)) with a highly restricted distribution limited to Java Island, Kangean Island, Nusakambangan Island, and Sempu Island. The prey species and presence of Javan leopards in the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (TNBTS) have not been scientifically identified and published. Therefore, this research aims to determine the presence of Javan leopards, identify their prey species, and explore potential prey in the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park. The findings will provide new information related to the policy basis for priority wildlife management monitoring and contribute to improving the effectiveness of monitoring priority wildlife in the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park. The research was conducted from September to December 2022, focusing on Sector I (RPTN Jabung) and Sector II (RPTN Candipuro). The methods employed in this study included camera trap installation, observation of Javan leopard signs, collection of Javan leopard fecal samples, and collection of potential prey fecal samples. Material identification was performed on the Javan leopard fecal samples and potential prey fecal samples, along with the identification of Javan leopard signs and calculation of Encounter Rate (ER) for captured species in camera traps. The results of this research revealed the presence of Javan leopards through signs such as feces, regurgitated food, birthing dens, and active scratch marks. The identified prey species included Muntiacus muntjac (barking deer), Macaca fascicularis (long-tailed macaque), Viverricula malaccensis (Malay civet), Hystrix javanica (Javan porcupine), Manis javanica (Malayan pangolin), and Sus scrofa (wild boar). Furthermore, the ER of Javan leopard is 16,6 (RPTN Jabung) and 2,63 (RPTN Candipuro) also followed by potential prey in TNBTS based on camera trap catches were Mydaus javanensis (Malayan stink badger) with an ER of 13,8; Zoothera dauma (Scaly thrush) with an ER of 5,5; Hystrix javanica (Javan porcupine) with an ER of 2,7; Viverricula malaccensis (Malay civet) with an ER of 22,2; Gallus gallus (red junglefowl) with an ER of 8,3; Herpestes javanicus (Javan mongoose) with an ER of 2,7; and Muntiacus muntjac (barking deer) with an ER of 3,94. Based on the wallows found, the potential prey is Sus scrofa (wild boar). This research provides valuable information regarding the presence, prey, and potential prey for the future conservation of the Javan leopard in its habitat.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Jejak, Macan Tutul Jawa, Mangsa, Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru; Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Javan leopard, Prey, Traces. |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Biology > QH541 Ecology Q Science > QH Biology > QH75 Nature conservation. Landscape protection. Biodiversity conservation. Endangered species and ecosystems (General). Habitat conservation. Ecosystem management. Conservation biology |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Andrian Firmansyah |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Sep 2023 01:01 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Sep 2023 01:01 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/101909 |
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