Analisis Komputasional Aplikasi Penggunaan Phase Change Material (PCM) pada Insulasi Dinding Eco-Reefer Container 20 Feet

Zain, Rifqi Azni (2023) Analisis Komputasional Aplikasi Penggunaan Phase Change Material (PCM) pada Insulasi Dinding Eco-Reefer Container 20 Feet. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sebesar 1,3 miliar ton makanan hilang setiap tahun, termasuk kerugian selama transportasi. Pengangkutan produk yang peka terhadap suhu membutuhkan pasokan energi yang hampir konstan untuk mendinginkan, membekukan, atau mengkondisikan barang untuk mencegah kerugian produk selama pengangkutan. Faktor lingkungan yang bervariasi selama perjalanan kargo, seperti kondisi lingkungan, terjadinya benturan, dan sebagainya dapat menyebabkan kegagalan unit pendingin reefer container. Kesalahan umum dalam reefer container adalah kegagalan unit pendingin seperti kerusakan kompresor, kegagalan daya, dan sebagainya. Dalam situasi ini, suhu udara yang disuplai oleh kipas sirkulasi mungkin lebih rendah dari nilai yang ditetapkan. Pada kasus tersebut, suhu kargo dapat mengalami kenaikan yang cukup signifikan. Salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan dalam mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan penambahan bahan Phase Change Material (PCM) sebagai bahan insulasi pada reefer container. PCM dapat menjaga dan mempertahankan suhu agar tidak terjadi kenaikan suhu yang signifikan. Pada hasil simulasi dengan Finite Element Method (FEM), reefer container konvensional memiliki suhu dinding rata-rata -1.0332 °C. Dengan bantuan PCM, suhu dinding mengalami penurunan dengan rata-rata -16.48 °C. Pada simulasi dengan Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), reefer container konvensional dalam keadaan kosong tanpa muatan mencapai suhu terendah sebesar -29.886 °C dengan rata-rata suhu sebesar -29.7984 °C. Sedangkan, dengan bantuan PCM suhu terendah dapat mencapai -29.919 °C dan rata-rata suhu sebesar -29.835 °C. Dalam keadaan ruang muat yang berisi muatan, reefer container konvensional mencapai suhu terendah sebesar -29.19 °C dengan rata-rata suhu -28.7314 °C. Dengan bantuan PCM, suhu reefer container pada keadaan berisi muatan dapat mencapai suhu terendah sebesar -29.432 °C dengan rata-rata suhu sebesar -29.2105 °C. Dalam keadaan kipas pendingin mati selama 10 jam, R.C. PCM tanpa beban mendapatkan rata-rata suhu sebesar -1.14°C sedangkan R.C. PCM dengan beban mendapat rata-rata suhu sebesar -2.43°C.
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1.3 billion tonnes of food disappear every year, including losses during transportation. The carriage of a product which is sensitive to the temperature requires a nigh constant supply of energy to cool, freeze or condition goods to prevent the product loss during the carriage. Various environmental factors during cargo journey, such as environmental conditions, collisions, and so forth can cause the failure of the reefer container cooling unit. Common faults in reefer containers are refrigeration unit failures such as compressor failure, power failure and so forth. In this situation, the temperature of the air supplied by the circulation fan may be lower than the set value. In that case, the temperature of the cargo can experience a significant enhancement. One method that can be used to overcome this problem is by adding Phase Change Material (PCM) as an insulation material in reefer containers. PCM can establish and maintain the temperature so that there is no significant enhancement for the temperature. In the simulation results using the Finite Element Method (FEM), conventional reefer container has an average temperature of -1.0332 °C. With the help of PCM, the temperature decreased by an average of -16.48 °C. In simulations using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), conventional reefer containers in an empty space with no cargo reaches the lowest temperature of -29.886 °C with an average temperature of -29.7984 °C. On the other hand, with the help of PCM the lowest temperature can reach -29,919 °C, and the average temperature is -29,835 °C. In the condition of the cargo space with the load, conventional reefer container reaches the lowest temperature of -29.19 °C with an average temperature of -28.7314 °C. With the help of PCM, the temperature of the reefer container when loaded can reach the lowest temperature of -29.432 °C with an average temperature of -29.2105 °C. With the cooling fan off for 10 hours, the Empty R.C. PCM obtained an average temperature of -1.14°C, while the Loaded R.C. PCM obtained an average temperature of -2.43°C.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	CFD, FEM, PCM, Reefer Container, CFD, FEM, PCM, Reefer Container.
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM485 Cold storage on ships. Marine refrigeration.
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Marine Engineering > 36202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	RIFQI AZNI ZAIN
Date Deposited:	30 Aug 2023 07:56
Last Modified:	30 Aug 2023 07:56
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/102090

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