Simulasi Cycle Tempo 5.0 Dampak Variasi Rasio Co-Firing Batubara dan Biomassa Jenis Tongkol Jagung Terhadap Performa PLTU 400 MW

Arisandi, Gemilang Figo (2023) Simulasi Cycle Tempo 5.0 Dampak Variasi Rasio Co-Firing Batubara dan Biomassa Jenis Tongkol Jagung Terhadap Performa PLTU 400 MW. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Co-firing adalah proses pembakaran yang menggunakan dua jenis bahan bakar yang berbeda. Campuran kedua bahan bakar tersebut akan berinteraksi dan mempengaruhi komposisi pembakaran. Co-firing dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengurangi emisi gas buang karena kandungan sulfur dalam biomassa bernilai lebih rendah daripada batubara. Co-firing dapat mempengaruhi pembangkit listrik karena kandungan kalor dalam biomassa bernilai lebih rendah daripada batubara. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengoptimalan rasio campuran bahan bakar untuk melakukan metode ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak yang ditimbulkan kepada PLTU apabila dilakukan metode co-firing terhadap performa dan ekonomi pembangkit tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan perangkat lunak Cycle-Tempo 5.0 dengan heat balance diagram yang disesuaikan pada objek penelitian yakni PLTU 400 MW dengan bahan bakar batubara yang bernilai HHV sebesar 4200 kcal/kg dengan pembebanan 100%, 75%, 50%, 30%. Sedangkan biomassa yang digunakan adalah biomassa jenis tongkol jagung karena tidak adanya kandungan sulfur. Rasio antara batubara dan biomassa yang digunakan adalah 0%, 1%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, dan 10%. Kemudian, hasil akan berupa analisis terhadap daya pemakaian sendiri (DPS) PLTU, Net Plant Heat Rate, Efisiensi Boiler, dan analisis ekonomi pembangkit. Ketika menggunakan rasio co-firing dari 0% hingga 10%, sistem menunjukkan peningkatan DPS seiring peningkatan rasio co-firing. Pada saat kondisi 100% batubara, DPS bernilai 12774,972 kW, sedangkan ketika co-firing 10%, bernilai 12861,25 kW. Meningkatnya DPS diikuti dengan turunnya nilai efisiensi dan meningkatnya nilai NPHR pada PLTU. Pada pembebanan 100%, nilai efisiensi dan NPHR pada 100% batubara adalah 36,21% dan 2609,77 kcal/kWh. Pada rasio co-firing 90% batubara dan 10% biomassa, nilai efisiensi dan NPHRnya adalah 36,158% dan 2612,96 kcal/kWh. Meskipun terjadi penurunan efisiensi dan peningkatan NPHR, penggunaan co-firing dengan biomassa jenis tongkol jagung dapat menghasilkan penghematan biaya bahan bakar, karena harga biomassa lebih rendah daripada batubara. Berdasarkan perhitungan, penggunaan co-firing dengan rasio 90% batubara dan 10% biomassa dapat menghasilkan penghematan sebesar Rp9.856.253.665 dalam satu bulan
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Co-firing is a combustion process that uses two different types of fuel. The mixture of the two fuels will interact and affect the combustion composition. Co-firing is done with the aim of reducing flue gas emissions because the sulfur content in biomass is lower than coal. Co-firing can affect power generation because the heat content of biomass is lower than that of coal. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the fuel mixture ratio to perform this method. This study aims to determine the impact of co-firing on the performance and economy of the power plant. This research uses Cycle-Tempo 5.0 software with a heat balance diagram that is adjusted to the object of research, namely a 400 MW PLTU with coal fuel with an HHV value of 4200 kcal/kg with 100%, 75%, 50%, 30% loading. While the biomass used is corn cob type biomass because of the absence of sulfur content. The ratio between coal and biomass used is 0%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Then, the results will be in the form of an analysis of the PLTU's self-use power, Net Plant Heat Rate, Boiler Efficiency, and economic analysis of the plant. When using co-firing ratios from 0% to 10%, the system shows an increase in self-use power as the co-firing ratio increases. Under 100% coal conditions, the self-use power is 12774.972 kW, while when co-firing is 10%, it is 12861.25 kW. The increase in self-use power is followed by a decrease in the efficiency value and an increase in the NPHR value of the PLTU. At 100% loading, the efficiency and NPHR values at 100% coal are 36.21% and 2609.77 kcal/kWh. At a co-firing ratio of 90% coal and 10% biomass, the efficiency and NPHR values are 36.158% and 2612.96 kcal/kWh. Despite the decrease in efficiency and increase in NPHR, the use of co-firing with corn cob type biomass can result in fuel cost savings, as the price of biomass is lower than coal. Based on the calculation, the use of co-firing with a ratio of 90% coal and 10% biomass can generate savings of Rp9,856,253,665 in one month.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biomassa, Co-firing, PLTU, Tongkol Jagung; Biomass, Co-firing, Power Plant, Corn Cob
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Gemilang Figo Arisandi
Date Deposited:	06 Oct 2023 03:28
Last Modified:	06 Oct 2023 03:28
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/102104

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