Konsep Rumah Vernakular Suku Bugis Berbasis Aspek Nilai Dan Ideals Bagi Lansia

Sakinah, Putri Nur (2023) Konsep Rumah Vernakular Suku Bugis Berbasis Aspek Nilai Dan Ideals Bagi Lansia. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Merancang hunian yang memadai bagi lansia merupakan salah satu solusi dalam permasalahan peningkatan populasi lansia. Permasalahan tersebut direspon dengan adanya konsep ‘Age-Friendly Housing’ dari World Health Organization (WHO). Konsep ‘Age-friendly housing’ bertujuan sebagai panduan dalam pembangunan atau perbaikan hunian aman, nyaman dan ramah bagi lansia. Namun, hubungan mekanisme interaksi lansia dan lingkungan cukup kompleks karena mencakup penurunan fisik dan kognitif. Hubungan tersebut mencakup teori makna dan anatomi (ergonomi). Sehubungan dengan itu, konsep ‘Age-Friendly Housing’ yang bersifat general dan universal, memunculkan pertanyaan bagaimana jika konsep tersebut diterapkan pada konteks khusus berbasis kondisi pengguna dan budaya tertentu. Penelitian ini fokus pada faktor pembentuk hunian yang dipengaruhi oleh nilai budaya (value) dan kondisi kesehatan lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali hubungan pola, pengaturan, kualitas ruang serta ekspresi bentuk pada rumah vernakular suku Bugis di Tolitoli berdasarkan anatomi (ergonomi) dan makna bagi lansia.
Penelitian ini berada pada paradigma constructivism yang lebih mengutamakan pandangan partisipan terhadap fenomena yang diteliti. Maka, penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran (mixed method) yaitu kualitatif dengan pendekatan phenomenology dan kuantitatif dengan pendekatan correlational. Metode kualitatif bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek – aspek mekanisme hunian lansia melalui teknik observasi dan in-depth interview, behavior mapping, sketsa dan dokumentasi audio-visual. Hasil data dianalisis dengan content analysis. Teknik penyebaran kuesioner dilakukan di awal dan di akhir penelitian untuk menentukan aspek amatan dan konfirmasi atas hasil penelitian kualitatif yang telah dilakukan. Teknik pengolahan data menggunakan tabulasi silang (SPSS).
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pertama, ukuran ruang dan tekstur permukaan lantai memiliki hubungan/korelasi dengan gangguan kesehatan yang dimiliki oleh lansia khususnya gangguan mekanisme gerak dan penglihatan. Contohnya yang terjadi pada salah satu partisipan yang memanfaatkan tekstur permukaan lantai sebagai panduan untuk mengakses ruang disekitarnya serta ukuran ruang yang berperan besar pada tingkat kenyamanan lansia dengan gangguan kognitif. Hasil kedua menunjukkan adanya tingkat kepercayaan yang kuat pada nilai budaya Bugis, sehingga masyarakatnya tetap mencoba untuk menerapkannya pada hunian. Beberapa nilai yang tidak lagi diterapkan berkaitan dengan kondisi lingkungan sekitar hunian yang tidak mendukung. Ketiga, konsep rumah vernakular Bugis berdasarkan persepsi lansia lebih mengacu pada implementasi nilai budaya dari pada kondisi kesehatan yang mengganggu aktivitas di dalam rumah.
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Designing adequate housing for older people is one of the solutions to the problem of increasing the elderly population. The problem was responded to by the concept of 'Age-Friendly Housing' from the World Health Organization (WHO). 'Age-friendly housing' aims to guide the construction or improvement of safe, comfortable, and friendly housing for older people. However, the relationship between the interaction mechanism of older people and the environment is quite complex because it includes physical and cognitive decline. The relationship consists of the theory of meaning and anatomy (ergonomics). In connection with that, the concept of 'Age-Friendly Housing', which is general and universal, raises the question of what if the concept is applied to a specific context based on user conditions and particular cultures. This research focuses on residential shaping factors that are influenced by cultural values and the health conditions of the elderly. This research explores the relationship between pattern, organization, spatial quality, and form expression in Bugis vernacular houses in Tolitoli based on anatomy (ergonomics) and meaning for older people.
This research is in the constructivism paradigm, prioritizing participants' views on the phenomenon under study. So, this research uses a mixed method, namely qualitative with a phenomenology approach and quantitative with a correlational approach. The qualitative method aims to discover aspects of the elderly housing mechanism through observation and in-depth interview techniques, behavior mapping, sketches, and audio-visual documentation. The results of the data were analyzed by content analysis. The method of distributing questionnaires was carried out at the beginning and at the end of the study to determine the observed aspects and confirm the results of the qualitative research that had been carried out. Data processing techniques using cross-tabulation (SPSS).
The results of this study indicate that first, the size of the space and the texture of the floor surface has a relationship/correlation with health problems owned by the elderly, especially disorders of movement and vision mechanisms. For example, one participant utilized the texture of the floor surface as a guide to accessing the space around him and the size, which played a significant role in the comfort level of older people with cognitive impairment. The second result shows a strong belief in Bugis cultural values, so people still try to apply them to the dwelling. Some values that are no longer used are related to the unsupportive conditions of the surrounding environment. Third, the concept of Bugis vernacular houses based on the perception of the elderly refers more to implementing cultural values than to health conditions that interfere with activities in the house.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	age-friendly housing, anatomical mechanism (ergonomics), bugis vernacular house, elderly, meaning age-friendly housing; lansia, makna, mekanisme anatomi (ergonomi), rumah vernakular bugis
Subjects:	N Fine Arts > NA Architecture > NA7115 Domestic architecture. Houses. Dwellings
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Architecture > 23101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Putri Nur Sakinah
Date Deposited:	10 Aug 2023 05:07
Last Modified:	29 Aug 2023 03:36
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/102189

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