Effendi, Benedictus Alvin Pohan (2023) Kajian Dampak Lingkungan Industri Penyamakan Kulit X Di Desa RInginagung Kabupaten Magetan Menggunakan Life Cycle Asessment. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Berkembangnya industri yang semakin pesat seiring berjalannya waktu dewasa ini adalah salah satu penyebab terjadinya pemanasan global yang diakibatkan penggunaan listrik dan pencemaran kualitas air. Industri penyamakan kulit, merupakan industri yang menghasilkan kedua dampak tersebut dari penggunaan energi dan bahan baku yang besar dan membahayakan lingkungan dalam proses kegiatannya untuk memenuhi permintaan akan kulit samak yang ada, dalam prosesnya kegiatan industri tersebut menghasilkan dampak terhadap lingkungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode LCA untuk memperhitungkan dampak lingkungan dari salah satu pabrik atau kegiatan industri penyamakan kulit di Desa Ringinagung, Magetan. Kajian LCA dilaksanakan berdasarkan empat tahap yang diawali dengan goal and scope, Life Cycle Inventory, Life Cycle Impact Assessment, dan Interpretasi hasil. Dampak lingkungan yang dianalisis berupa Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification, Eutrofication, dan freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity dengan lingkup gate to gate. Dari penelitian ini dianalisa kegiatan yang paling banyak menghasilkan dampak atau hotspot unit operasi penyamakan dan dianalisisa upaya-upaya yang efektif untuk menurunkan dampak yang terjadi secara studi literatur. Upaya tersebut kemudian dilakukan analisa AHP berdasarkan pendapat dari 4 pakar yang memahami kegiatan penyamakan kulit. Hasil pembobotan dari analisa AHP selanjutnya dilakukan analisa lingkungan dan pembiayaan yang direduksi dari upaya perbaikan yang telah disimulasikan. Hasil perhitungan dampak lingkungan menggunakan OpenLCA menunjukkan bahwa unit proses chrome adalah hotspot dari proses penyamakan kulit. Untuk jenis dampak paling besar berdasarkan nilai normalisasi adalah Freshwater Aquatic Ecotox dengan nilai 0,458 kg 1,4-DB eq, diikuti Eutrophication dengan nilai 0,0046 Kg PO4 eq, GWP dengan nilai 0,4875 Kg CO2 eq, dan Acidification dengan nilai 0,0019 Kg SO2 eq. Berdasarkan hasil analisa AHP kriteria dengan bobot tertinggi adalah aspek pelaksanaan sebesar 58,4%, kemudian aspek lingkungan 25,6%, dan aspek ekonomi sebesar 16%. Program alternatif dengan bobot terbesar adalah program Chrome Recycling dengan bobot 49% diikuti dengan program substitusi chromosal B dengan nilai 40% dan Hair Save Liming dengan nilai 9% Berdasarkan simulasi program alternatif yang dilakukan untuk aspek lingkungan penurunan besar dampak sebesar 2,9% dan pada aspek ekonomi penurunan sebesar 7,3%.
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The rapid development of industries nowadays is one of the causes of global warming due to the use of electricity and water pollution. The leather tanning industry is one of the industries that contribute to these impacts through its significant energy consumption and use of raw materials, which harm the environment in the process of meeting the demand for leather products. In this research, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method is employed to assess the environmental impacts of one of the leather tanning factories or industrial activities in Ringinagung Village, Magetan. The LCA study is conducted in four stages, starting with goal and scope definition, followed by Life Cycle Inventory, Life Cycle Impact Assessment, and Interpretation of results. The environmental impacts analyzed include Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification, Eutrophication, and freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity, within the gate-to-gate scope. From this research, the activities that generate the most impact or hotspots in the leather tanning unit operations are analyzed, and effective efforts to reduce these impacts are examined through a literature study. These efforts are then subjected to an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis based on the opinions of four experts familiar with the leather tanning activities. The weighting results from the AHP analysis are further used to assess the environmental and financial aspects reduced from the simulated improvement efforts. The results of the environmental impact assessment using OpenLCA indicate that the chrome tanning process is the hotspot in the leather tanning process. For the most significant impact category based on normalization values, Freshwater Aquatic Ecotoxicity has a value of 0,458 kg 1,4-DB eq, followed by Eutrophication with a value of 0,0046 kg PO4 eq, Global Warming Potential (GWP) with a value of 0,4875 kg CO2 eq, and Acidification with a value of 0,0019 kg SO2 eq. Based on the results of the AHP analysis, the criteria with the highest weight are the implementation aspect at 58,4%, followed by the environmental aspect at 25,6%, and the economic aspect at 16%. The alternative programs with the highest weight are the Chrome Recycling program with a weight of 49%, followed by the substitution of chromosal B program with a value of 40%, and the Hair Save Liming program with a value of 9%. Through the simulation of the alternative programs, there was a significant reduction of 2,9% in environmental impact and a 7,3% reduction in economic aspect.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Acidification, AHP, Eutrofication, Freshater Aquatic Ecotox, GWP, Industri penyamakan kulit, LCA, Freshwater Aquatic Ecotox, Leather tanning industry, OpenLCA. |
Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis |
Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis |
Depositing User: | Benedictus Alvin Pohan Effendi |
Date Deposited: | 07 Dec 2023 05:07 |
Last Modified: | 07 Dec 2023 05:07 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/102440 |
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