Kaloka, Ardista Izdhihar (2023) Penggunaan Hidroksiapatit Sebagai Filler Dalam Basis Gigi Tiruan (Denture Base) Tipe Heat Cured Berbahan Dasar Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Basis gigi tiruan (denture base) adalah bagian dari gigi tiruan yang bertumpu pada jaringan lunak dan tidak termasuk gigi artifisialnya. Hingga saat ini, tipe heat cured banyak digunakan untuk pengaplikasiannya. Bahan utama yang digunakan adalah terdiri dari padatan dari serbuk Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA), inisiator BPO, dan filler Hidroksiapatit (HAp) serta komposisi cairan yang terdiri dari monomer methyl methacrylate (MMA) dan crosslinking agent Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate (EGDMA). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui penggunaan hidroksiapatit pada komposit denture base berbagai rasio untuk menghasilkan properti mekanik dan biokompatibilitas yang terbaik sesuai dengan standar. Pembuatan komposit denture base dilakukan dengan mencampurkan komponen padat dan liquid. Polimerisasi dilakukan dengan perendaman (curing) dalam waterbath pada 78oC selama 90 menit. Hasil SEM bubuk PMMA memiliki bentuk spherical granular dengan ukuran partikel PMMA rata-rata sebesar 48,7 ± 15.6159 µm. Hasil analisa FTIR pada hidroksiapatit menunjukkan bahwa silanisasi berhasil dilakukan. Komponen padatan menunjukkan persebaran tiap unsur yang terdistribusi dengan baik dibuktikan melalui analisa SEM-EDX. Pengunaan hidroksiapatit 4,5% dapat meningkatan kekuatan mekanik. Kekuatan mekanik lentur paling baik dihasilkan rasio powder-to-liquid (P/L) 2,3:1 HAp 7,5% yaitu 149,91 MPa dan kekuatan mekanik tarik paling baik 61,86 MPa oleh rasio P/L 2,3:1 HAp 4,5%. Nilai flexural modulus meningkat seiring penambahan hidroksiapatit. Uji SEM patahan komposit menunjukkan morfologi permukaan komposit basis gigi tiruan memiliki efek dari HAp yang menghasilkan properti yang berbeda. Nilai residual monomer MMA yang terendah dihasilkan pada rasio P/L 2,3:1 HAp 4,5% sebesar 1,64%wt. Sehingga formulasi terbaik pada penelitian ini yakni rasio P/L HAp 4,5% ditinjau dari properti mekanik dan nilai residual monomer yang memenuhi persyaratan ISO 1567:2000 dan ISO 20795-1:2013 untuk polimer basis gigi tiruan.
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The denture base is a part of the denture that rests on the soft tissues and does not include the artificial teeth. Currently, the heat-cured type is widely used for its application. The main materials used consist of solid powder of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA), initiator BPO, and filler Hydroxyapatite (HAp), along with a liquid composition consisting of monomer methyl methacrylate (MMA) and crosslinking agent Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate (EGDMA). The aim of this research is to determine the use of hydroxyapatite in denture base composites with various ratios to achieve the best mechanical properties and biocompatibility according to standards. The fabrication of the denture base composite is done by mixing the solid and liquid components. Polymerization is carried out through curing in a water bath at a temperature of 78oC for 90 minutes. SEM results show that the PMMA powder has spherical granular shapes with an average particle size of 48.7 ± 15.6159 µm. FTIR analysis on hydroxyapatite indicates successful silanization. The solid components show a well-distributed dispersion of each element, as evidenced by SEM-EDX analysis. The use of 4.5% hydroxyapatite can enhance the mechanical strength. The best flexural mechanical strength is achieved at a powder-to-liquid (P/L) ratio of 2.3:1 with 7.5% HAp, which is 149.91 MPa, and the best tensile mechanical strength is 61.86 MPa at a P/L ratio of 2.3:1 with 4.5% HAp. The flexural modulus value increases with the addition of hydroxyapatite. SEM fracture tests show that the surface morphology of the denture base composite is influenced by HAp, resulting in different properties. The lowest residual monomer MMA value is obtained at a P/L ratio of 2.3:1 with 4.5% HAp, which is 1.64%wt. Therefore, the best formulation in this study is the P/L ratio with 4.5% HAp, considering the mechanical properties and residual monomer value that meet the ISO 1567:2000 and ISO 20795-1:2013 requirements for denture base polymers.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | basis gigi tiruan, hidroksiapatit, uji mekanik, denture base, polymethyl methacrylate, hydroxyapatite, mechanical properties, residual monomer |
Subjects: | T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1140 Polymers |
Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24101-(S2) Master Thesis |
Depositing User: | Ardista Izdhihar Kaloka |
Date Deposited: | 07 Aug 2023 04:01 |
Last Modified: | 07 Aug 2023 04:01 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/102690 |
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