Analisis Dampak Implementasi Kebijakan Tarif Karbon Pada Pengurangan Emisi Di Sektor Energi Menggunakan Kerangka Kerja Sistem Dinamik

Handayani, Firin (2023) Analisis Dampak Implementasi Kebijakan Tarif Karbon Pada Pengurangan Emisi Di Sektor Energi Menggunakan Kerangka Kerja Sistem Dinamik. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sektor energi menjadi penyumbang utama emisi karbon di Taiwan, dengan karbon dioksida menyumbang 95,29% dari total emisi gas rumah kaca pada tahun 2020. Di sektor energi, emisi mencapai 94,75%. Taiwan berkomitmen mengurangi emisi sebesar 23%-25% pada tahun 2030 dan mendorong penggunaan energi hijau dengan berbagai langkah seperti Feed-in Tariff (FIT), Green Finance Action Plan, dan kebijakan Demonstrative Incentives. Namun, kebijakan tarif karbon (carbon fee) untuk mengurangi emisi di sektor energi belum banyak dibahas. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi dampak penerapan tarif karbon terhadap pengurangan emisi karbon di industri energi, dengan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal. Studi ini juga menganalisis skenario alokasi dana dari tarif karbon untuk proyek research and development (R&D) energi terbarukan. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa penerapan tarif karbon berdampak negatif pada investasi energi termal karena setiap penambahan 200 NTD/ton CO2e meningkatkan biaya produksi sekitar 4,1%, dengan penurunan investasi rata-rata sekitar 5,2%. Hasil terbaik dicapai dengan tarif karbon sebesar 500 NTD/ton CO2e dan alokasi dana R&D energi terbarukan sebesar 4%. Skenario ini menghasilkan pengurangan emisi karbon rata-rata sebesar 5,31% dan pengurangan biaya listrik tenaga angin dan surya masing-masing sebesar 5,09% dan 12,21%.
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The energy sector is a significant contributor to carbon emissions in Taiwan, with carbon dioxide accounting for 95.29% of total greenhouse gas emissions in 2020. Within the energy sector, emissions accounted for 94.75%. In line with reducing emissions by 23%-25% by 2030, Taiwan is promoting green energy through various measures such as the Feed-in Tariff (FIT), Green Finance Action Plan, and Demonstrative Incentives policy. However, there has been limited discussion on implementing carbon fee policies to reduce emissions in the sector of energy. This study examines the influence of introducing carbon prices on carbon emissions reduction in the energy industry, considering internal and external factors. This study also explores the scenario of allocating funds generated from carbon fees for research and development (R&D) projects focused on renewable energy. The simulation results show that implementing the carbon fee has a negative impact on thermal energy investment because every additional 200 NTD/ton CO2e will increase the total production cost by around 4.1%, and the average investment decrease is around 5.2%. The best scenario results from a carbon fee scenario of 500 NTD/ton CO2e and a proportion of allocated funds for R&D of renewable energy of 4%. This scenario results in an average reduction of carbon emissions by 5.31% and an average reduction in the LCOE of wind and solar power plants by 5.09% and 12.21%, respectively.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Emisi Karbon, Sistem Dinamik, Tarif Karbon, Carbon Emission, System Dynamic, Carbon Fee, Research and Development (R&D)
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HG Finance > HG4529 Investment analysis T Technology > T Technology (General) > T57.62 Simulation T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ810.5 Solar energy T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK1001 Production of electric energy or power
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Information System > 59101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Firin Handayani
Date Deposited:	13 Sep 2023 01:29
Last Modified:	13 Sep 2023 01:29
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/102990

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