Karakteristik Mikroplastik pada Ikan Pelagis Ekonomis Penting di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Prigi, Trenggalek, Jawa Timur

Rohmawati, Yunita Maulida (2023) Karakteristik Mikroplastik pada Ikan Pelagis Ekonomis Penting di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Prigi, Trenggalek, Jawa Timur. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Mikroplastik ditemukan di laut seluruh dunia. Ukurannya kecil rentan tertelan oleh ikan pelagis yang hidup di permukaan dan kolom air, sehingga potensi risiko transfer kontaminan dan efek toksisitas mikroplastik dapat berdampak bagi kesehatan manusia sebagai konsumen akhir. PPN Prigi sebagai salah satu tempat pendaratan perikanan tangkap terbesar di kawasan pantai selatan Jawa Timur. Namun, informasi mengenai tingkat pencemaran mikroplastik di Perairan Prigi sangat terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan karakteristik fisik (bentuk, warna, dan ukuran) dan kimia (polimer) mikroplastik dengan FTIR-ATR pada tiga organ (insang, gastrointestinal, dan daging) ikan pelagis ekonomis penting ikan selar bentong, ikan layang benggol, dan ikan slengseng. Rata-rata kelimpahan total mikroplastik 10 ekor ikan selar bentong pada insang sebesar 26,11 partikel/gram, pada gastrointestinal sebesar 26,09 partikel/gram, dan daging sebesar 6,65 partikel/gram. Bentuk paling dominan pada tiga organ adalah fragmen dengan persentase 88% (4675 partikel), dominasi warna hitam, dan kategori kelas ukuran mikroplastik pada tiga organ didominasi rentang 0-20 µm; Sedangkan, rata-rata kelimpahan total mikroplastik 10 ekor ikan layang benggol pada insang sebesar 22,53 partikel/gram, pada gastrointestinal 20,26 partikel/gram, dan pada daging sebesar 6,15 partikel/gram. Bentuk paling dominan pada tiga organ adalah fragmen 80% (3497 partikel), warna didominasi hitam, dan kategori kelas ukuran mikroplastik didominasi rentang 20-40 µm; Terakhir, rata-rata kelimpahan total mikroplastik pada 10 ekor ikan slengseng sebesar 18,87 partikel/gram, pada gastrointestinal sebanyak 16,8 partikel/gram, dan pada daging sebanyak 6.43 partikel/gram. Bentuk paling dominan adalah fragmen dengan persentase 91% (6034 partikel), warna didominasi hitam, dan kategori kelas ukuran mikroplastik didominasi rentang 0-20 µm. Polimer yang ditemukan antara lain Polyurethane (PU), Polypropylene (PP), Polyethylene (PE), Nylon, dan Polyester. Nilai sig. 0,038 (p<0,05) menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada ketiga ikan dengan kedalaman habitat spesies dalam mencari makan ikan selar bentong (kedalaman hingga 170 meter), ikan layang benggol (kedalaman 40-275 meter), dan ikan slengseng (kedalaman hingga 300 meter).
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Microplastics have been found in oceans worldwide. Their small size makes them susceptible to ingestion by organisms, including pelagic fish that live in both surface and column water layers, posing potential risks of contaminant transfer and microplastic toxicity effects that can impact human health as end consumers. PPN Prigi is one of the largest fishing port in the southern coast of East Java. However, information regarding the level of microplastic pollution in the Prigi Waters is limited. Therefore, this research aims to understand and compare the physical and chemical characteristics of microplastics in the gills, gastrointestinal tracts, and flesh of economically important pelagic fish (bigeye scad, Indian scad, and chub mackerel). Physical characteristics include the shape, color, and size of microplastics, while the chemical characteristics (polymers) are analyzed using FTIR-ATR. The average total abundance of microplastics in the gills of 10 bigeye scad is 26.11 particles/gram, 26.09 particles/gram in the gastrointestinal tract, and 6.65 particles/gram in the flesh. The most dominant form in all three organs is fragments, accounting for 88% (4675 particles), predominantly black in color, and the microplastics' size falls mainly within the range of 0-20 µm. Similarly, the average total abundance of microplastics in the gills of 10 Indian scad is 22.53 particles/gram, 20.26 particles/gram in the gastrointestinal tract, and 6.15 particles/gram in the flesh. The dominant form in all three organs is fragments, constituting 80% (3497 particles), predominantly black in color, and with the microplastics' size primarily falling within the range of 20-40 µm. Lastly, the average total abundance of microplastics in 10 chub mackerel is 18.87 particles/gram in the gills, 16.8 particles/gram in the gastrointestinal tract, and 6.43 particles/gram in the flesh. The most dominant form in all three organs is fragments, comprising 91% (6034 particles), predominantly black in color, and with the microplastics' size predominantly falling within the range of 0-20 µm. The polymers found include Polyurethane (PU), Polypropylene (PP), Polyethylene (PE), Nylon, and Polyester. Based on the One-Way ANOVA test, with a significance value of 0.038 (p<0.05), there is a significant difference in microplastic abundance among the three fish species due to differences in the species' habitat depth while foraging (Bigeye scad at depths up to 170 meters, Indian scad at depths of 40-275 meters, and Chub mackerel at depths up to 300 meters). The Post Hoc Tukey Test shows a significant difference between Selar bentong and Slengseng fish, with a value of 0.030 (sig. <0.05).

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Ikan Pelagis, Karnivora, Mikroplastik, Carnivorous, Microplastic, Pelagic Fish, PPN Prigi
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH541 Ecology Q Science > QL Zoology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Yunita Maulida Rohmawati
Date Deposited:	04 Dec 2023 03:31
Last Modified:	04 Dec 2023 03:31
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/103013

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