Pengaruh Kombinasi 2,4-D dan BAP Terhadap Induksi Kalus Daun Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) Secara In Vitro

Mukholifah, Umi (2023) Pengaruh Kombinasi 2,4-D dan BAP Terhadap Induksi Kalus Daun Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) Secara In Vitro. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Nilam Aceh (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) merupakan tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri yang terkenal dengan nama minyak nilam (patchouli oil) yang mengandung 2,5 – 5% dan digunakan dalam sektor industri parfum maupun kosmetik. Perbanyakan nilam aceh masih menggunakan stek batang sehingga memerlukan waktu yang lama dalam budidaya dan mudah terinfeksi patogen. Oleh karena itu, digunakan teknik in vitro untuk produksi bibit dalam jumlah banyak yang sehat, efektif, dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi konsentrasi 2,4-D (Asam 2,4-D Diklorofenoksiasetat) dan BAP (6-Benzyle Amino Purine) terhadap induksi kalus nilam aceh secara in vitro dan menentukan kombinasi konsentrasi 2,4-D dan BAP yang terbaik dalam pembentukan kalus. Metode yang digunakan adalah teknik in vitro. Bahan eksplan berupa daun aksenik, dan dikultur selama 60 hari dalam medium kombinasi konsentrasi 2,4-D dan BAP. Data kualitatif yang diamati berupa waktu terbentuknya kalus dan morfologi kalus meliputi tekstur dan warna kalus yang dianalisis secara deskriptif. Data kuantitatif diperoleh dari persentase kalogenesis dan berat basah eksplan. Data yang diperoleh diuji normalitas sebelum dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) two way dengan program Minitab 18 dan dilanjutkan dengan post-hoc Tukey jika terdapat hasil yang signifikan. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa penambahan kombinasi konsentrasi 2,4-D dan BAP dalam induksi kalus secara in vitro memberikan pengaruh pada beberapa parameter pertumbuhan seperti persentase kalogenesis, persentase organogensis, dan waktu munculnya kalus serta morfologi kalus. Konsentrasi penambahan 2,4-D dan BAP yang terbaik dalam memacu induksi kalus secara in vitro yaitu pada perlakuan A0B3 (2,4-D 0 mg/L + BAP 1,5 mg/L ) dengan ditandai parameter persentase kalogenesis 100%, persentase organogenesis 100%, rerata berat basah 0,25 g dan rerata waktu munculnya tunas 40,5 hari dengan morfologi kalus berterkstur remah dan berwarna putih kekuningan.
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Patchouli Aceh (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) is an essential oil-producing plant known as patchouli oil which contains 2.5 – 5% and is used in the perfume and cosmetic industry sector. The propagation of Aceh patchouli still uses stems so that it requires a long time to cultivate and is easily infected with pathogens. Therefore, in vitro techniques are used for the production of healthy, effective and efficient large quantities of seedlings. This study aims to determine the effect of a combination of concentrations of 2,4-D (2,4-D Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid) and BAP (6-Benzyl Amino Purine) on the induction of patchouli callus in vitro and determine the combination of concentrations of 2,4-D and BAP the best in callus formation. The method used is the in vitro technique. The explant material was accent leaves, and cultured for 60 days in a combination of medium concentrations of 2,4-D and BAP. Qualitative data observed were the time of callus formation and callus morphology including callus texture and color which were analyzed descriptively. Quantitative data were obtained from the proportion of callogenesis and fresh weight of callus. The data obtained were tested for normality before being analyzed with a two way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with the Minitab 18 program and followed by post-hoc Tukey if there were significant results. The addition of the combined concentration of 2,4-D and BAP in in vitro callus induction had an effect on several growth parameters such as the percentage of callogenesis, the percentage of organogenesis, and the time of callus appearance and callus morphology. The best concentration of 2,4-D and BAP in promoting callus induction in vitro was the A0B3 treatment (2,4-D 0 mg/L + BAP 1.5 mg/L ) with parameters characterized by the percentage of callogenesis 100%, the percentage of organogenesis 100%, the average fresh weight of 0.25 g and the average time of emergence of shoots 40.5 days with the morphology of callus textured crumbs and yellowish white.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	2,4-D, BAP, Induksi kalus, Kultur in vitro, Callus induction, In vitro culture, Pogostemon cablin Benth.
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology Q Science > QK Botany S Agriculture > SB Plant culture
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Umi Mukholifah
Date Deposited:	18 Jan 2024 03:45
Last Modified:	18 Jan 2024 03:45
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/103112

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