Pangestu, Muhamad Ridwan (2023) Optimasi Tebal dan Rasio Diameter Magnet dengan Fungsi Volume Konstan pada Double-Halbach Array Axial Motor dengan Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Jenis motor yang digunakan pada kendaraan listrik umumnya adalah Brushless Direct Current (BLDC). Terdapat dua tipe motor BLDC, yaitu axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) dan radial flux permanent magnet (RFPM). AFPM memiliki keunggulan efisiensi tinggi dan berat lebih ringan. Berdasarkan penilitian (Sitapati & Krishnan, 2001) AFPM terbukti juga memiliki power to weight ratio yang tinggi, yaitu 500W/kg, dibandingkan RFPM yang hanya 400W/kg, AFPM juga memiliki efisiensi yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan RFPM yaitu berkisar antara 95% - 99 % sehingga lebih hemat energi daripada RFPM. Bukan tanpa kekurangan AFPM juga memiliki gaya aksial atau gaya searah sumbu putar magnet yang disebabkan gaya tarik-meanrik antar magnet yang besar sehingga perlu diperhatikan dalam desain bearing dan backplate penahan magnet. Faktor yang mempengaruhi power-to-weight ratio, efisiesnsi, dan gaya aksial pada AFPM meliputi rasio diameter dan ketebalan permanen magnet. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan desain sebuah double-halbach array AFPM yang memiliki power-to-weight ratio, efisiensi, dan gaya aksial yang optimal dari pengaruh tebal permanen magnet dan rasio diameter dengan fungsi volume magnet konstan. Untuk mendapatkan data penelitian ini dilakukan variasi tebal magnet 4,5 – 12 mm dengan kenaikan sebanyak 0,5 tiap variabel dan rasio diameter 0,1 – 0,8 dengan kenaikan 0.05 tiap variabel dengan masing – masing tebal magnet dan rasio diameternya mengikuti fungsi volume konstan untuk menjaga beratnya tetap sama. Setelah dilakukan simulasi untuk mendapatkan data akan dilanjutkan dengan optimasi menggunakan algoritma Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) untuk mencari titik dimana rasio diameter dan tebal magnet akan paling optimal. Algoritma PSO dipilih karena berdasarkan (Rahmani et al., 2022) lebih mudah dan cepat untuk mencari variasi yang optimal. Berdasarkan hasil optimasi double-halbach array AFPM yang telah dilakukan didapatkan rasio diameter 0.648 dan tebal magnet 7,72 mm dengan power to weight ratio 4,1436 kW/Kg, efisiensi 99,2 %, dan gaya aksial 1490,86 N dimana variasi tersebut merupakan variasi paling optimal. Hasil ini menunjukan peningkatan dari desain awal dan dapat dikatakan bahwa optimasi menggunakan Multi-objective PSO ini memiliki keandalan cukup baik.
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The type of motor used in electric vehicles is generally Brushless Direct Current (BLDC). There are two types of BLDC motors, namely axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) and radial flux permanent magnet (RFPM). AFPM has the advantages of high efficiency and lighter weight. Based on research (Sitapati & Krishnan, 2001) AFPM is also proven to have a high power to weight ratio, which is 500W/kg, compared to RFPM which is only 400W/kg, AFPM also has high efficiency compared to RFPM, which ranges from 95% - 99%. thus more energy efficient than RFPM. It is not without drawbacks that AFPM also has an axial force or in the direction of the rotating axis of the magnet which is caused by the large attractive forces between the magnets, so it is necessary to pay attention to the design of the magnetic retaining bearings and backplate. Factors that affect the power-to-weight ratio, efficiency, and axial force on the AFPM include the ratio of the diameter and thickness of the permanent magnet. In this study the aim was to design a double-halbach array AFPM which has an optimal power-to-weight ratio, efficiency, and axial force from the influence of permanent magnet thickness and diameter ratio with a constant magnet volume function. To obtain the research data, a variation of the thickness of the magnet is 4.5 – 12 mm with an increase of 0.5 for each variable and a diameter ratio of 0.1 – 0.8 with an increase of 0.05 for each variable with each magnet thickness and the ratio of its diameter following the volume function constant to keep the weight the same. After the simulation is carried out to obtain the data, it will be followed by optimization using the Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to find the point where the ratio of the diameter and thickness of the magnet will be optimal. The PSO algorithm was chosen because it is based on (Rahmani et al., 2022) it is easier and faster to find the optimal variation. Based on the results of the AFPM double-halbach array optimization that has been carried out, the diameter ratio is 0.648 and the magnet thickness is 7.72 mm with a power to weight ratio of 4.1436 kW/Kg, an efficiency of 99.2%, and an axial force of 1490.86 N where these variations is the optimal variation. These results show an increase from the initial design and it can be said that the optimization using Multi-objective PSO has fairly good reliability.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | AFPM, Power-to-weight ratio, tebal magnet, rasio diameter, PSO, AFPM, RFPM, Power-to-weight ratio, magnet thickness, diameter ratio |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK4055 Electric motor |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Muhamad Ridwan Pangestu |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Aug 2023 07:00 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Aug 2023 07:00 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/103426 |
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