Deselularisasi Daun Tanaman Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum cv. microtom) dan Bayam Merah (Amaranthus tricolor) sebagai Alternatif Biomaterial Scaffold

Sholihah, May Fiatus (2023) Deselularisasi Daun Tanaman Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum cv. microtom) dan Bayam Merah (Amaranthus tricolor) sebagai Alternatif Biomaterial Scaffold. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Rekayasa jaringan muncul pada tahun 1980 sebagai pengganti jaringan hidup, dan berpotensi mengatasi kekurangan organ dan jaringan yang signifikan. Beberapa elemen penting dalam rekayasa jaringan diantaranya adalah sel punca (stem cell), faktor pertumbuhan (growth factor) dan perancah (scaffold). Beberapa scaffold sintetik berbahan polyanhydrat atau polyetilen glikol, selulosa, dan alginat. Selain itu, scaffold juga dikembangkan dari jaringan hewan. Namun, penggunaan jaringan hewan dalam hal ini memiliki keterbatasan. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya alternatif biomaterial sebagai bahan dasar scaffold. Scaffold digunakan untuk merangsang dan memandu regenerasi sel, jaringan dan organ yang mengalami kerusakan atau yang perlu diinduksi agar dapat diproliferasi. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif biomaterial penyusun scaffold karena biaya produksi yang murah, memiliki kandungan selulosa yang merupakan biomaterial yang bersifat kompatibel terhadap tubuh manusia dan diversitas morfologi organ tanaman yang tinggi. Tanaman S. lycopersicum cv. MicroTom dan A. tricolor merupakan tanaman holtikultura yang banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Kedua jenis tanaman tersebut memiliki struktur morfologi yang berbeda. Namun, informasi mengenai tahapan deselularisasi dalam proses pembuatan scaffold dalam kedua tanaman tersebut masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas sodium hipoklorit (NaoCl) dan sodium dodesil sulfat (SDS) pada tahapan proses deselularisasi daun tanaman S. lycopersicum cv. MicroTom dan A. tricolor menggunakan dua metode deselulerisasi yaitu SDS dan sodium hipoklorit. Daun tanaman bayam merah (A. tricolor) yang dideselularisasi menggunakan NaOCl menunjukkan hasil yang lebih efektif dibanding menggunakan SDS pada parameter kuantifikasi DNA genomik, ukuran pori dan persentase swelling dengan penurunan konsentrasi DNA genomik sebesar 99,33%; ukuran pori antara 11-12 μm dan persentase swelling sebesar 1,4x. Pada daun tanaman tomat (S. lycopersicum cv. MicroTom) yang dideselularsasi menggunakan NaOCl menunjukkan hasil yang lebih efektif dibanding menggunakan SDS pada parameter ukuran pori yakni antara 75-79 μm, sedangkan daun tanaman tomat (S. lycopersicum cv.MicroTom) yang dideselularisasi menggunakan SDS menunjukkan hasil yang lebih efektif dibanding menggunakan NaOCl pada parameter kuantifikasi DNA genomik dengan penurunan konsentrasi DNA genomik sebesar 98,72% dan persentase sweelling sebesar 1,5x. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, efektivitas penggunaan SDS dan NaOCl dalam proses deselularisasi bersifat species-dependent bergantung pada karakteristik biomaterial daun.
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Tissue engineering emerged in the 1980s as a substitute for living tissue, and has the potential to address significant organ and tissue deficiencies. Some important elements in tissue engineering include stem cells, growth factors and scaffolds. Several synthetic scaffolds are made from polyanhydrate or polyethylene glycol, cellulose and alginate. In addition, the scaffold is also developed from animal tissue. Therefore, there is a need for alternative biomaterials as a scaffold base material. Scaffolds are used to stimulate and guide the regeneration of cells, tissues and organs that are damaged or that need to be induced to proliferate. Several studies have shown that plants can be used as alternative biomaterials for scaffolds because of their low production costs, cellulose content, which is a biomaterial that is compatible with the human body, and high morphological diversity of plant organs. S. lycopersicum cv. MicroTom and A. tricolor are horticultural plants that are widely cultivated in Indonesia. Both types of plants have different morphological structures. However, information on the stages of deselularization in the process of making scaffolds in both plants is still limited. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite (NaoCl) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in the stages of the deselularization process of S. lycopersicum cv. MicroTom and A. tricolor using two deselularization methods, namely SDS and sodium hypochlorite. Decellularized red spinach (A. tricolor) leaves using NaOCl showed more effective results than using SDS on parameters of quantification of genomic DNA, pore size and proportion of swelling with a decrease in genomic DNA concentration of 99.33%; pore size between 11-12 µm and swelling proportion of 1.4x. On the leaves of tomato plants (S. lycopersicum cv. MicroTom) decellularized using NaOCl showed more effective results than using SDS on the pore size parameter which was between 75-79 μm, while the leaves of tomato plants (S. lycopersicum cv. MicroTom) which were decellularized using SDS showed more effective results than using NaOCl on the parameters of genomic DNA quantification with a decrease in genomic DNA concentration of 98.72% and swelling of 1 ,5x. Red spinach (A. tricolor) leaves desulphurized using NaOCl showed more effective results than using SDS on the parameters of genomic DNA quantification, pore size and swelling percentage with a decrease in genomic DNA concentration by 99.33%; pore size between 11-12 μm and a swelling percentage of 1.4x. In tomato plant leaves (S. lycopersicum cv. MicroTom) desulphurized using NaOCl showed more effective results than using SDS on pore size parameters, which were between 75-79 μm, while tomato plant leaves (S. lycopersicum cv. MicroTom) desulphurized using SDS showed more effective results than using NaOCl on genomic DNA quantification parameters with a decrease in genomic DNA concentration of 98.72% and a sweelling percentage of 1.5x. Based on these results, the effectiveness of using SDS and NaOCl in the deselularization process is species-dependent depending on the characteristics of the leaf biomaterial.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Amaranthus tricolor, deselularisasi, SDS, sodium hipoklorit, Solanum lycopersicum cv. MicroTom
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.27.P55 Plant biotechnology.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	May Fiatus Sholihah
Date Deposited:	23 Aug 2023 02:54
Last Modified:	23 Aug 2023 02:54
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/103678

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