Studi Numerik Pengaruh Side Clearance Pada Fluida Air Dan Nira Terhadap Performa Pompa Sentrifugal Semi Open Impeller

Salma, Fajrian Zahara (2023) Studi Numerik Pengaruh Side Clearance Pada Fluida Air Dan Nira Terhadap Performa Pompa Sentrifugal Semi Open Impeller. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pompa merupakan peralatan mekanik yang berfungsi untuk memindahkan fluida cair dari tempat berenergi rendah ke tempat yang berenergi lebih tinggi melalui sistem perpipaan. Salah satu jenis pompa yang banyak digunakan saat ini adalah pompa sentrifugal, banyak digunakan pada sektor industri, rumah tangga, bahkan aerospace. Setiap pompa sentrifugal memiliki nilai performa yang dapat menggambarkan kualitas pompa tersebut. Performa pompa meliputi head, daya, kapasitas dan efisiensi. Performa pompa dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya bentuk dan jumlah sudu, besar kecilnya sudut inlet dan outlet sudu serta besarnya gap antara casing dan impeller (side clearance). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh side clearance terhadap performa pompa sentrifugal, karena masih dirasa jarang dilakukan oleh banyak orang. Metode yang digunakan yaitu numerik menggunakan software Ansys lebih spesifik Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD), karena CFD dapat menyelesaikan banyaknya parameter bebas yang terlibat serta mengurangi besarnya biaya dan waktu yang dibutuhkan saat melakukan eksperimen dan proses trial eror di kemudian hari. Selain itu, kondisi simulasi dengan CFD dapat dikondisikan menyerupai kondisi aktual fluida di dalam pompa sehingga prediksi yang dihasilkan dapat lebih akurat. Metode turbulen yang digunakan yaitu K-epsilon standar dengan variasi flow rate 1,5 l/s sampai 5 l/s. Selain flow rate, variasi utama yang dilakukan yaitu pada side clearance sebesar 1 mm dan 2 mm pada impeller semi open tipe backward dengan fluida air dan nira. Kedua fluida tersebut dalam kondisi steady dan incompressible. Hasil akhir yang di dapatkan berupa data kualitatif dan kuantitatif dari simulasi CFD. Data kuantitatif meliputi performa pompa sentrifugal yaitu head, daya, kapasitas dan efisiensi beserta grafiknya. Selain itu, ditampilkan juga visualisasi data kualitatif berupa kontur tekanan total dan tekanan statis, kontur kecepatan dan vektor kecepatan sepanjang aliran yang dilalui fluida.
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A pump is a mechanical device that functions to move liquid fluid from a low-energy place to a higher-energy place through a piping system. One type of pump that is widely used today is a centrifugal pump, widely used in the industrial, household, and even aerospace sectors. Each centrifugal pump has a performance value that can describe the quality of the pump. Pump performance includes head, power, capacity and efficiency. Pump performance is influenced by several factors including the shape and number of blades, thesize of the blade inlet and outlet angles and the gap between the casing and impeller (side clearance). This study aims to determine the effect of side clearance on centrifugal pump performance, because it is still rarely done by many people. The method used is numerical using Ansys software more specifically Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD), because CFD can solve the many free parameters involved and reduce the amount of cost and time needed when conducting experiments and trial and error processes in the future. In addition, the simulation conditions with CFD can be conditioned to resemble the actual fluid conditions in the pump so that the resulting predictions can be more accurate. The turbulent method used is the standard K-epsilon with flow rate variations of 1.5 l/s to 5 l/s. In addition to the flow rate, the main variations made are on the side clearance of 1 mm and 2 mm on the semi open backward type imnpeller with water and nira fluids. Both fluids are in steady and incompressible conditions. The final results obtained are qualitative and quantitative data from CFD simulations. The quantitative data includes the performance of the centrifugal pump, namely head, power, capacity and efficiency along with the graph. In addition, qualitative data visualization is also presented in the form ofcontours of total pressure and static pressure, velocity contours and velocity vectors along the flow through the fluid.

Item Type: Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Side Clearance, CFD, Performa Pompa, Pump performance
Subjects: T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ919 Centrifugal pumps--Design and construction.
Divisions: Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User: Fajrian Zahara Salma
Date Deposited: 08 Sep 2023 06:21
Last Modified: 08 Sep 2023 06:21
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/103774

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