Saputro, Pandu Galih (2023) Rancang Bangun Sistem Kontrol Unit Pengereman Elektronik Untuk Kereta Api Diesel Elektrik Dengan Metode Inference Box. Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kereta Api adalah sarana transportasi umum yang memerlukan sistem pengereman yang handal untuk memperlambat laju dan menjaga keselamatan serta kenyamanan. Rem menjadi komponen utama dalam menjaga keselamatan operasional kereta api. PT. Rekaindo Global Jasa, melalui narasumber Bapak Rizqi Ervani S.T., menjelaskan bahwa proyek pengembangan kereta Diesel Elektrik Makassar Pare Pare membutuhkan sistem kontrol pengereman elektronik, yaitu Electronic Brake Control Unit (EBCU). PT. Rekaindo ingin menyediakan sistem rem yang handal untuk mengendalikan traksi dan pengereman. Saat ini, penggunaan sistem EBCU masih mengandalkan impor dari Jerman, tepatnya Knorr-Bremse. Namun, sistem pengereman pada kereta penumpang saat ini belum mempertimbangkan faktor beban penumpang sebagai parameter pengereman, yang mengakibatkan tekanan rem yang tinggi saat tuas pengereman dipaksakan pada beban maksimum kereta dan berpotensi menyebabkan tergelincirnya kereta. Mitra juga ingin mengembangkan sistem pengereman kereta api untuk mencapai Tingkat Komponen Dalam Negeri (TKDN) yang tinggi sesuai dengan Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 12 Tahun 2021 tentang Pengadaan Barang atau Jasa. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, Tugas Akhir ini mengusulkan rancang bangun sistem kontrol unit pengereman elektronik untuk kereta api diesel elektrik dengan menggunakan metode inference box. Penelitian ini melibatkan pemahaman prinsip kerja sistem EBCU yang sudah ada melalui metode Reverse Engineering untuk mengembangkan sistem pengereman kereta api secara inovatif. Metode Reverse Engineering ini menghasilkan data untuk identifikasi alat dan metode kontrol yang digunakan, yaitu metode inference box. Selanjutnya, pengujian sistem kontrol dilakukan di PT. Rekaindo Global Jasa Madiun, Jawa Timur. Grafik hasil pengujian menunjukkan kondisi udara terkompresi dalam sistem kontrol unit pengereman elektronik dengan metode inference, dengan rentang nilai perintah pengereman 1 hingga 10 tanpa beban penumpang. Dalam sistem pengereman dengan metode inference yang dikembangkan, udara terkompresi dapat dikontrol sesuai dengan kondisi yang ditentukan oleh metode inference untuk mendekati nilai set point pada perintah pengereman berikutnya. Ketika tidak ada penumpang, tekanan maksimum udara bertekanan yang masuk adalah 2 Bar, sedangkan saat beban penumpang mencapai nilai maksimum 10, pengereman maksimum adalah 5 Bar. Sensor tekanan digunakan sebagai umpan balik, di mana saat nilai tekanan udara melebihi nilai set point, aliran udara terkompresi akan dikurangi menggunakan solenoid realease. Jika nilai tekanan udara kurang dari set point, aliran udara terkompresi akan dialirkan menggunakan solenoid pengisi udara bertekanan. Dengan implementasi sistem kontrol unit pengereman elektronik menggunakan metode inference box, kinerja pengereman pada kereta api diesel elektrik dapat dioptimalkan mendapat nilai error dengan rentang 0,002% sampai 0,028%. Hal ini akan meningkatkan keselamatan, kenyamanan, dan efisiensi operasional kereta api.
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Railway is a public transportation facility that requires a reliable braking system to slow down its speed and ensure safety and comfort. Brakes are the main component in maintaining the operational safety of trains. PT. Rekaindo Global Jasa, through its spokesperson Mr. Rizqi Ervani S.T., explains that the development project of the Makassar Pare Pare Diesel Electric train requires an electronic braking control system, namely the Electronic Brake Control Unit (EBCU). PT. Rekaindo aims to provide a reliable brake system to control traction and braking. Currently, the use of the EBCU system still relies on imports from Germany, specifically KnorrBremse. However, the braking system on passenger trains does not currently consider passenger load as a braking parameter, resulting in high brake pressure when the braking lever is forced at the train's maximum load and potentially causing the train to skid. The company also aims to develop the train's braking system to achieve a high Domestic Component Level (TKDN) as per the Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 12 of 2021 concerning the Procurement of Goods or Services. Based on this issue, this Final Project proposes the design of an electronic brake control unit for diesel electric trains using the inference box method. This research involves understanding the working principles of the existing EBCU system through the Reverse Engineering method to develop an innovative railway braking system. The Reverse Engineering method produces data for identifying the tools and control methods used, which is the inference box method. Subsequently, the control system testing is conducted at PT. Rekaindo Global Jasa in Madiun, East Java. The graphical results of the testing show the compressed air condition in the electronic brake control unit system with the inference method, with a braking command value range from 1 to 10 without passenger load. In the braking system developed with the inference method, compressed air can be controlled according to the specified conditions by the inference method to approach the set point value in the next braking command. When there are no passengers, the maximum incoming compressed air pressure is 2 Bar, while when the passenger load reaches the maximum value of 10, the maximum braking pressure is 5 Bar. Pressure sensors are used as feedback, where when the air pressure value exceeds the set point value, the compressed air flow will be reduced using a solenoid release. If the air pressure value is less than the set point, the compressed air flow will be supplied using a solenoid air filler. By implementing the electronic brake control unit system using the inference box method, the braking performance of diesel electric trains can be optimized, resulting in error values ranging from 0.002% to 0.028%. This will enhance the safety, comfort, and operational efficiency of the railway.
Item Type: | Thesis (Diploma) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kereta Api, pengereman, sistem kontrol, Electronic Brake Control Unit (EBCU), metode inference box, Reverse Engineering, Gaya pengereman, Train, Braking, Control System, Inference Box Method, Braking Force |
Subjects: | T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL269.C474 Brakes--Maintenance and repair T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL697.P6 Pneumatic equipment T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL521.3 Automatic Control |
Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > Instrumentation Engineering |
Depositing User: | Pandu Galih Saputro |
Date Deposited: | 13 Sep 2023 07:37 |
Last Modified: | 06 Mar 2024 05:41 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/104512 |
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