Prevalensi Penyakit pada Karang Famili Faviidae di Kawasan Wisata dan Non-Wisata di Bungatan, Situbondo

Rarasmaya, Chavita Tasya Kamila (2023) Prevalensi Penyakit pada Karang Famili Faviidae di Kawasan Wisata dan Non-Wisata di Bungatan, Situbondo. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Terumbu karang memiliki peranan ekologis dan manfaat ekonomis yang tinggi, akan tetapi rentan terhadap ancaman sekitar terutaman pada kegiatan aktivitas manusia, misal merupakan pencemaran, pembangunan kawasan pesisir, atau kegiatan penyelaman dan wisata serta penyakit. Terumbu karang di wilayah Situbondo terdapat pada pesisir Kecamatan Bungatan yang dimana terdapat kawasan wisata, pemukiman dan juga perikanan yang meliputi tambak udang serta keramba jaring apung (KJA). Aktivitas yang terjadi diperkirakan memberikan dampak negatif dengan munculnya penyakit pada karang, yang dimana menyebabkan terdegradasinya terumbu karang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis dan prevalensi penyakit karang di Pantai Pasir Putih sebagai representasi kawasan wisata serta Kembangsambi dan Kampung Kerapu sebagai representasi lokasi non-wisata (permukiman dan perikanan). Pengamatan dilakukan pada koloni karang masif Faviidae yang terserang penyakit dan juga untuk mengetahui prevalensi penyakit. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode transek sabuk (belt transect) sepanjang 30 meter dengan lebar 2 meter (luasan area 60 m²) pada dua kedalaman yang mewakili perairan dangkal dengan kedalaman 3-4 meter dan perairan dalam dengan kedalaman 10-12 meter. Variabel fisik dan kimia lingkungan yang diukur yaitu suhu, cahaya, salinitas, kejernihan air, kecepatan arus, oksigen terlarut (dissolved oxygen/DO), laju sedimentasi dan nutrien (total nitrogen dan fosfat) dalam air. Jenis-jenis penyakit karang yang ditemukan pada karang Massive Faviidae di kawasan wisata dan non-wisata (budidaya perikanan) di Pasir Putih Situbondo dan sekitarnya meliputi Black Band Disease (BBD), Dark Spot Disease (DSD), Red Band Disease (RBD), Brown Band Disease (BRD) White Band Disease (WBD), White Patch Disease (WPD), Yellow Band Disease (YBD), White Syndromes (WS), Pigmentation Response (PR) dan White Spots Disease (WSD). Prevalensi penyakit karang famili Faviidae rata-rata lebih dari 50% di masing-masing lokasi penelitian, sebagai berikut: lokasi BL (kedalaman 5 m) dan KJA (kedalaman 10 m) dengan prevalensi 66.67%, lokasi KS (kedalaman 10 m) dengan prevalensi 63.51%, lokasi KS dan KJA (kedalaman 5 m) dengan prevalensi masing-masing 50% dan 54.54%. Nilai prevalensi terendah dijumpai di lokasi BL (kedalaman 10m) dengan nilai 45.45%. Hasil dari tes ANOVA, yang dimana hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan berdasarkan dari ketiga lokasi yaitu BL, KS, dan KJA, dan kedalaman 5 dan 10 meter, akan tetapi memiliki perbedaan pada interaksi antara keduanya.
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Coral reefs have an ecological role and high economic value, but are susceptible towards threats especially human activities, such as polution, costal development, or diving activities and tourism, and also diseases. Coral reefs in Situbondo are located in Bungatan distric coastal area where there are tourisms settlement and also fisheries that include shrimp farms and also floating net cages. Those activities are thought to cause negative effect by introducing disease on the coral reefs, causing degradation on those coral reefs. This research is done to find out the tipes and prevalence of the coral diseases that are found in Pantai Pasir Putih to represent tourism area, and also Kembang and Kampung Kerapu to represent non-tourism areas (settlement and fisheries). These observations were made on the massive Faviidae coral coloni that is plagued by diseases and also to know the coral's disease prevalence. Research is done with the belt transect method with a length of 30 meters and a width of 2 meters (area size 60 m2) on 2 depths that represent shallow waters with a depth of 3 to 4 meters and waters with a depth of 10 to 12 meters. The measured physical and chemical variables are temperature, light, salinity, water clarity, current speed, disolved oxygen, sedimentation rate, and nutrients (total nitrogen and phosphate) in water. Types of coral disease found on the massive Faviidae coral in both tourism and non-tourism area in pasir putih situbondo and neighboring areas includes Black Band Disease (BBD), Dark Spot Disease (DSD), Red Band Disease (RBD), Brown Band Disease (BRD), White Band Disease (WBD), White Patch Disease (WPD), Yellow Band Disease (YBD), White Syndromes (WS), Pigmentation Response (PR) dan White Spots Disease (WSD). Disease prevalence on the Faviidae famili of corals on average is over 50% on each research location, are as follows: BL (depth of 5 meters), and KJA (depth of 10 meters) with a prevalence 66.67%, KS (depth of 5 meters) with a prevalence 63.51%, KS and KJA (depth of 5 meters) with a prevelance of each 50% and 54.54%. Lowest prevalence percentage in found in BL (depth of 10 meter) which has a prevalence of 45.45%. The results from ANOVA testing, where the results shows that there are no differences base on the three observed location which are BL, KS and KJA, and depths of 5 and 10 meters, but has a difference on interaction between the two.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bungatan-Situbondo, Faviidae, Penyakit Karang, Prevalensi Bugatan-Situbondo, Belt Transect, Coral Disease, Faviidae, Prevalence
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QH Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH301 Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH541 Ecology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Chavita Tasya Kamila Rarasmaya
Date Deposited:	16 Aug 2023 01:10
Last Modified:	16 Aug 2023 01:10
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/104710

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