Desain Sistem Energi Biomassa Dari Limbah Non Produksi Pengganti Bahan Bakar Batubara Pada Boiler Pt. Ajinomoto Indonesia Mojokerto Factory

Firmansyah, Mokhamad (2023) Desain Sistem Energi Biomassa Dari Limbah Non Produksi Pengganti Bahan Bakar Batubara Pada Boiler Pt. Ajinomoto Indonesia Mojokerto Factory. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

PT. Ajinomoto Indonesia adalah perusahaan yang memproduksi bahan makanan dan menghasilkan limbah non-produksi berupa kayu, kardus, plastik, dan metalized plastic. Selama ini limbah tersebut belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Saat ini, untuk menunjang operasional PT. Ajinomoto terdapat boiler dengan kapasitas 60 ton/jam dengan bahan bakar batu bara. Bahan bakar tersebut kedepannya akan digantikan oleh biomassa briket sebagai bahan bakar ramah lingkungan sesuai kebijakan perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendesain sistem energi biomassa dengan bahan baku limbah non-produksi yang dihasilkan di pabrik serta limbah biomassa di wilayah sekitar pabrik. Proyeksi ketersediaan limbah non-produksi dibuat menggunakan model ARIMA karena model peramalan time series yang akurat peramalan nilai yang akan datang dalam runtun waktu nilai sekarang dan nilai sebelumnya. Sedangkan pemetaan limbah biomasss di sekitar pabrik dilakukan menggunakan analisis spasial GIS (Geographic Information System). Hasil pemodelan limbah non produksi menggunakan time series ARIMA didapatkan model yang terbaik limbah kayu, kardus, plastik, dan metalized plastic yaitu berturut-turut ARIMA (0,1,1), ARIMA (1,1,0), ARIMA (0,1,1), ARIMA (0,1,1), dengan hasil proyeksi rata-rata berturut-turut 45,8 ton/bulan, 1,4 ton/bulan, 7,5 ton/bulan, dan 1.3 ton/bulan. Sedangkan pada pemetaan potensi limbah biomassa dari kayu jati dan kayu putih menggunakan GIS didapatkan sebesar 548,2 ton/bulan dan 1133,3 ton/bulan. Hasil proyeksi limbah biomassa dari dalam dan luar pabrik tersebut dapat menggantikan bahan bakar batubara 33,39 % dari total kebutuhan bahan bakar boiler saat ini. Setelah didapatkan proyeksi bahan baku briket kemudian dilakukan penentuan komposisi optimal briket dengan menggunakan metode regresi linear berganda serta rule of mixture. Nilai rata-rata error yang dihasilkan metode regresi yaitu 4,2% dari nilai kalori aktual. Sedangkan menggunakan metode rule of mixture dihasilkan rata-rata error yang lebih besar yaitu 20,4%. Hal tersebut disebabkan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi secara signifikan namun tidak dapat dikontrol selama proses pencampuran. Setelah didapatkan komposisi briket terbaik selanjutnya dilakukan analisis keberlanjutan emisi yang dihasilkan dari boiler menggunakan life cycle assessment (LCA). Hasil yang didapatkan dari subtitusi bahan bakar batubara ke biomassa adalah reduksi emisi gas rumah kaca sebesar 11.790,13ton CO2e/tahun.
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PT. Ajinomoto Indonesia is a company that produces food ingredient and produces non-production waste in the form of wood, cardboard, plastic and metalized plastic. So far, this waste has not been utilized optimally. Currently, to support the operations of PT. Ajinomoto has a coal-fired boiler with a capacity of 60 tonnes/hour. In the future, this fuel will be replaced by briquette biomass as an environmentally friendly fuel according to company policy. This study aims to design a biomass energy system with raw materials for non-production waste generated at the factory and biomass waste in the area around the factory. The projection of the availability of non-production waste is made using the ARIMA model because the time series forecasting model is an accurate forecast of future values in the time series of present values and previous values. Meanwhile, the mapping of biomass waste around the factory is carried out using GIS (Geographic Information System) spatial analysis. The results of non-production waste modeling using the ARIMA time series obtained the best model for waste wood, cardboard, plastic, and metalized plastic, namely ARIMA (0,1,1), ARIMA (1,1,0), ARIMA (0,1,1), ARIMA (0,1,1) with an average projected yield of 45.8 tonnes/month, 1.4 tonnes/month, 7.5 tonnes/month, and 1.3 tonnes/month respectively. Whereas in mapping the potential of biomass waste from teak and eucalyptus using GIS, it was found to be 548.2 tons/month and 1133.3 tons/month. The projected results of biomass waste from inside and outside the factory can replace coal fuel by 33.39% of the total current boiler fuel needs. After obtaining the projection of briquette raw materials, then the optimal composition of the briquettes is determined using multiple linear regression methods and the rule of mixture. The average error value produced by the regression method is 4.2% of the actual caloric value. Meanwhile, using the rule of mixture method resulted in a larger average error of 20.4%. This is due to several factors that influence significantly but cannot be controlled during the mixing process. After obtaining the best composition of briquettes, an analysis of the sustainability of emissions generated from the boiler was carried out using a life cycle assessment (LCA). The result obtained from substituting coal for biomass is a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of 11,790.13 tons CO2e/year.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biomassa, ARIMA, Geographic Information System (GIS), Regresi Linear Berganda, Rule of Mixture, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Biomass, ARIMA, Geographic Information System (GIS), Multiple Linear Regression, Rule of Mixture, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD195.B56 Biomass energy
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Physics Engineering > 30101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Mokhamad Firmansyah
Date Deposited:	22 Aug 2023 03:06
Last Modified:	22 Aug 2023 03:06
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/104818

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