Burhani, Ahmad (2023) Pemetaan Potensi dan Perencanaan Rantai Pasok Biomassa dari Tanaman Energi dengan Metode GIS-MCDA untuk Keberlanjutan Program Co-firing: Studi Kasus di PLTU Labuan. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
PLTU Labuan merupakan pembangkit listrik dengan bahan bakar batubara tipe pulverized coal dengan kapasitas 2x300 MW, telah melaksanakan direct co-firing biomassa sejak tahun 2021. Biomassa yang digunakan adalah sawdust yang diperoleh dari industri perkayuan di sekitar pembangkit. Berdasarkan hasil uji bakar, pada PLTU Labuan dapat dilakukan co-firing hingga 5% biomassa tanpa berdampak pada operasional peralatan. Namun keterbatasan suplai sawdust mengakibatkan co-firing yang dilakukan hanya mencapai kurang dari 1 %. Untuk meningkatkan sumber biomassa hingga 5%, dilakukan pemetaan potensi pengembangan tanaman energi dengan memanfaatkan lahan suboptimal di sekitar pembangkit, serta memetakan lokasi yang sesuai untuk pre-treatment biomassa dari tanaman energi menjadi wood pellet. Selanjutnya dilakukan perencanaan rantai pasok biomassa dari lahan tanaman energi sampai ke pembangkit sehingga keberlanjutan suplai biomassa untuk co-firing dapat terpenuhi dengan biaya yang paling optimal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus pada area 50 km dari PLTU Labuan, Pandeglang, Banten. Pemetaan potensi tanaman energi dilakukan terhadap komoditas Kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus) dan Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) dengan menggunakan Geographical Information System (GIS). Analisa kesesuaian lokasi pre-treatment biomassa dilakukan dengan menggunakan GIS dan multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), dengan metode MCDA yang digunakan adalah AHP – TOPSIS. Optimasi rantai pasok dilakukan untuk menentukan lokasi dan kapasitas pre-treatment serta lokasi lahan tanaman energi yang paling layak dikembangkan dengan biaya rantai pasok yang paling optimal. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kamoditas tanaman energi yang layak dikembangkan adalah Kaliandra dengan potensi lahan 30.540 Ha dengan tingkat kesesuaian tinggi dan 147.192 Ha dengan tingkat sesesuaian sedang, dan total potensi biomassa teoretis mencapai 3,4 juta ton/tahun. Dan hasil analisa kesesuaian lokasi pre-treatment diperoleh 25.095 Ha atau 24,3% sangat sesuai, 76.880 Ha atau 74.4% cukup sesuai dan 1.335 Ha atau 1.3% kurang sesuai untuk lokasi pre-treatment biomassa, dan ditetapkan 20 kandidat lokasi pre-treatment biomassa pada area yang sangat sesuai. Hasil optimasi dan simulasi dengan beberapa tingkat utilisasi lahan, diperoleh dengan utilisasi potensi lahan tanaman energi 25 %, 50% dan 100% diperlukan fasilitas pre-treatment sebanyak 14, 11 dan 9 dengan rentang kapasitas produksi 1 – 10 ton/hari wood pellet untuk memenuhi co-firing 5%. Implementasi 5% co-firing menggunakan tanaman energi dapat menurunkan emisi 223.426-ton CO2-eq, dengan harga wood pellet Rp. 1.993.762 – 2.125.015/ton.
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Labuan CPP, a pulverized coal (pc) type coal power plant with capacity of 2x300 MW, has implemented biomass direct co-firing since 2021. The biomass used is sawdust from the woodworking industry around the plant. Based on the results of the combustion test, biomass co-firing rate up to 5% in Labuan CPP is achievable without any impact to equipment operations. However, the limited sawdust feedstock resulted in co-firing only reaching less than 1%. To increase biomass feedstock by up to 5%, mapping the development potential of energy plants by utilizing suboptimal land around the plant is carried out, as well as mapping suitable locations for biomass pre-treatment from energy plants to wood pellets. Furthermore, biomass supply chain planning from energy crop land to power plant is carried out so that the sustainability of biomass feedstock for co-firing can be fulfilled at the most optimum cost. The method used in this study is a case study in an area 50 km from Labuan CPP, Indonesia. Mapping the potential of energy crops was carried out on Kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus) and Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) commodities using Geographical Information System (GIS). Biomass pre-treatment site suitability analysis was carried out using GIS and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), with the MCDA method used is AHP – TOPSIS. Supply chain optimization is carried out to determine the location and capacity of pre-treatment as well as the location of energy crop land that is most suitable for development at the most optimum supply chain costs. The results of the study obtained the energy crop commodity that is worth developing is Kaliandra with a potential land area of 30.540 Ha highly suitable and 147.192 Ha moderately suitable, and total theoretical biomass potential of 3.4 million tons / year. And the results of the suitability analysis of the pre-treatment site obtained 25,095 Ha or 24.3% area highly suitable, 76,880 Ha or 74.4% area moderately suitable and 1,335 Ha or 1.3% are less suitable for biomass pre-treatment sites, and 20 candidates for biomass pre treatment sites were determined in highly suitable areas. The results of optimization and simulation with several levels of land utilization, obtained by utilizing potential energy crop land of 25%, 50% and 100%, pre-treatment facilities are needed as much as 14, 11 and 9 with a production capacity range of 1 – 10 tons / day wood pellets to meet 5% co-firing. Implementasi 5% co-firing menggunakan tanaman energi dapat menurunkan emisi 223.426-ton CO2-eq, dengan harga wood pellet Rp. 1.993.762 – 2.125.015/ton.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Co-firing biomassa, tanaman energi, GIS – MCDA, AHP – TOPSIS, Optimasi, Linear Programming |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD195.B56 Biomass energy |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Physics Engineering > 30101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ahmad Burhani |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Aug 2023 03:34 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Aug 2023 03:34 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/104829 |
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