Pengembangan Kriteria Kenyamanan Kapal Penumpang Cepat Yang Beroperasi Di Laut Indonesia

Jamal, Jamal (2023) Pengembangan Kriteria Kenyamanan Kapal Penumpang Cepat Yang Beroperasi Di Laut Indonesia. Doctoral thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Desain Kapal umumnya menggunakan standar Internasional untuk kenyamanan kapal dan awak kapal, antara lain: STANAG 4154, NORDFORSK 1987, U.S Goast Guard, ISO 2631-1-1997, BS 6841-1987, dan ISO 2631/3 1985. Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan yang memiliki banyak sekali sarana transportasi lautnya dan di tahun 2019 Indonesia memiliki lebih dari 32 ribu armada termasuk tipe armada kapal penumpang cepat antar pulau. Kenyamanan dan keselamatan adalah hal utama yang dibutuhkan oleh penumpang kapal dan seharusnya dikembangkan dalam tahap desain kapal. Dengan itu, tujuan utama penelitian adalah mengembangkan kriteria kenyamanan berdasarkan tipekal penumpang dan lingkungan operasi kapal cepat di perairan Indonesia, sehingga dapat diaplikasikan sebagai standar desain kapal penumpang cepat di Indonesia.
Metode yang digunakan adalah pengukuran gerakan kapal dan penilaian penumpang secara langsung pada kapal penumpang. ADIS 16364 adalah alat ukur gerakan yang digunakan dan telah dilakukan tahap validasi dengan pengujian kapal skala Model di Laboratorium. Data hasil pengukuran diolah dengan menggunakan beberapa metode antara lain: Moving Average Filter (MAF), Trapezoid Integration, dan Power Spectral Density (PSD). Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa ADIS 16364 dapat digunakan dalam pengukuran skala penuh karena hasil validasi memenuhi dengan nilai Root Mean Square Percentage Error (RMSPE) maksimal 4,65%. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran gerakan kapal dan penilaian penumpang (kuesioner) yang dilakukan di kapal Dumai line 12 (perairan selat Malaka) dan Express Bahari 8E (laut Jawa) menghasilkan selisih nilai kenyamanan antara Penilaian dan Pengukuran. Untuk menjamin kenyamanan penumpang tersebut maka dilakukan analisis konversi nilai antara akselerasi vertikal dan nilai Motion Sickness Incidence (MSI) menggunakan Formula MSI O’Hanlon dan McCauley. Hasil analisis menghasilkan beberapa kriteria rekomendasi dalam mendesain kapal penumpang di Indonesia dengan menetapkan standar seakeeping baru yang disebut Standar Jamal. Standar Jamal memberi batasan dengan nilai akselerasi vertikal (heave) dalam r.m.s maksimal 0,04 g dan MSI maksimalnya adalah 25%. Standar Jamal ini lebih ketat dari standart akselerasi vertikal yang dikeluarkan oleh NORDFOSK-Transit Passenger dengan nilai akselerasi vertikal r.m.s 0,05 g. dan nilai MSI 36,69%.
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Generally, ship design uses International standards for ship and crew comfort, including: STANAG 4154, NORDFORSK 1987, U.S Coast Guard, ISO 2631-1-1997, BS 6841-1987, and ISO 2631/3 1985. Indonesia is an archipelagic country with numerous sea transportation facilities, and in 2019, Indonesia had more than 32 thousand fleets, including fast inter-island passenger ships. Comfort and safety are essential for ship passengers and should be developed during the ship design phase. Hence, the main objective of the research is to develop comfort criteria based on typical passengers and fast ship operational environments in Indonesian waters, so that they can be applied as standard design for fast passenger ships in Indonesia. The method used is ship motion measurement and direct passenger assessment on passenger ships. ADIS 16364 is the motion measuring tool used and has undergone validation stages with Model Scale Ship testing in the Laboratory. The measurement data results are processed using several methods, including Moving Average Filter (MAF), Trapezoid Integration, and Power Spectral Density (PSD). The validation results show that ADIS 16364 can be used in full-scale measurements because the validation results meet the maximum Root Mean Square Percentage Error (RMSPE) value of 4.65%. Based on the results of ship motion measurement and passenger assessment (questionnaire) conducted on Dumai Line 12 (Malacca Strait) and Express Bahari 8E (Java Sea), there is a difference in comfort values between the Assessment and Measurement. To ensure passenger comfort, the Motion Sickness Incidence (MSI) value is analyzed using the O'Hanlon and McCauley formula. The analysis results in several recommendations for designing passenger ships in Indonesia by establishing a new Seakeeping Standard. he value of this new seakeeping criteria sets a maximum limit of 0.04 g for vertical acceleration (heave) in r.m.s and a maximum MSI value of 25%. This new standard is more stringent than the vertical acceleration standard issued by NORDFOSK-Transit Passenger with a vertical acceleration r.m.s value of 0.05 g. and the MSI value is 36.69%

Item Type:	Thesis (Doctoral)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kenyamanan penumpang, Seakeeping, Gerakan kapal, Motion sicknessincidence; Passenger comfort, Seakeeping, Ship motion, Motion sickness incidence
Subjects:	V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM161 Ships--Hydrodynamics V Naval Science > VM Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering > VM381 Passenger ships
Divisions:	Faculty of Marine Technology (MARTECH) > Ocean Engineering > 38001-(S3) PhD Thesis
Depositing User:	Jamal Jamal
Date Deposited:	24 Aug 2023 03:45
Last Modified:	24 Aug 2023 03:45
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/104850

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