Evaluasi Penggunaan Teknologi Membran Ultrafiltrasi dalam Pengolahan Air Minum - Studi Kasus di Perumda Air Minum Sidoarjo

Salsabila, Nada Fikna (2024) Evaluasi Penggunaan Teknologi Membran Ultrafiltrasi dalam Pengolahan Air Minum - Studi Kasus di Perumda Air Minum Sidoarjo. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Perusahaan Umum Daerah (Perumda) Sidoarjo merupakan badan usaha milik daerah yang berperan sebagai pengelola dan penyedia air bersih yang akan didistribusikan kepada penduduk Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Perumda Air Minum Sidoarjo khususnya IPA Krian menggunakan saluran utama untuk memasok air baku dari Kanal Mangetan yang melewati tujuh pintu air untuk mengairi sawah seluas 17.583 Ha. Instalasi pengolahan air di Perumda Air Minum Sidoarjo termasuk lengkap yang terdiri dari koagulasi, flokulasi, sedimentasi, dan membran ultrafiltrasi. Namun, tidak semua teknologi dapat diterapkan secara maksimal karena pertimbangan biaya dan sumber daya manusia. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu unit membran ultrafiltrasi di Perumda Air Minum Sidoarjo yang dinonaktifkan. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kegagalan atau ketidakefektifan membran ultrafiltrasi untuk mengolah air minum di Perumda Air Minum Sidoarjo yang ditinjau dari aspek teknis, aspek kelembagaan, dan aspek finansial. Penelitian diawali dengan cara mengumpulkan data melalui observasi di lapangan dan mengumpulkan data sekunder dari dokumen perusahaan. Pengumpulan data yang diperlukan pada aspek teknis dilakukan dengan wawancara untuk mendapatkan informasi alasan membran ultrafiltrasi dipasang, penyebab membran ultrafiltrasi di nonaktifkan, spesifikasi membran dan parameter operasional yang digunakan. Selain itu, kualitas air hasil pengolahan sebelum membran ultrafiltrasi di nonaktifkan. Sedangkan data yang diperlukan pada aspek kelembagaan yaitu data struktur dan pelatihan personil pengolahan air minum di Perumda Air Minum Sidoarjo. Data yang diperlukan pada aspek finansial yaitu data biaya pembelian, operasional, dan pemeliharaan membran ultrafiltrasi. Data yang telah didapatkan diolah dengan cara menganalisis performa rejeksi kekeruhan dan warna yang dibandingkan dengan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 tentang air minum, analisis membran fouling menggunakan nilai fluks, dan analisis kinerja cleaning in place, mengevaluasi sumber daya manusia melalui data struktur dan personil IPA Krian Perumda Air Minum Sidoarjo berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 122 Tahun 2017, dan mengevaluasi biaya investasi, operasional, dan pemeliharaan membran ultrafiltrasi.
Hasil penelitian pada aspek teknis yaitu data kualitas air parameter kekeruhan, warna dan pH tahun 2016-2020 telah memenuhi Permenkes Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 sebagai air minum, persentase rejeksi parameter kekeruhan sebesar 69,39 % - 95,48%; persentase rejeksi parameter warna sebesar 33,80 % - 61,6%, kinerja cleaning in place yang dilakukan oleh Perumda Air Minum Sidoarjo memiliki kualitas yang baik, akan tetapi tekanan dan debit pada membran ultrafiltrasi kecil yang belum sesuai dengan spesifikasi membran ultrafiltrasi sehingga terjadinya penurunan fluks dari tahun 2016-2020. Pada aspek kelembagaan, hanya terdapat 4 dari 12 operator yang memiliki pelatihan bidang pengoperasian maupun pemeliharaan membran ultrafiltrasi. Sedangkan pada aspek finansial membran ultrafiltrasi dengan hasil payback period (PP) selama 10 bulan dan hasil analisis net present value (NPV) bernilai positif sehingga investasi tersebut layak dijalankan
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The Sidoarjo Regional Public Company (Perumda) is a regionally owned business entity which plays the role of managing and providing clean water which will be distributed to the residents of Sidoarjo Regency. The Sidoarjo Drinking Water Company, especially the Krian IPA, uses the main channel to supply raw water from the Mangetan Canal which passes through seven sluice gates to irrigate 17,583 Ha of rice fields. The water treatment installation at Perumda Air Minum Sidoarjo is complete, consisting of coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation and ultrafiltration membranes. However, not all technology can be implemented optimally due to cost and human resource considerations. The problem in this research is that the ultrafiltration membrane unit at Perumda Air Minum Sidoarjo was deactivated. Therefore, the aim of this research is to determine the failure or ineffectiveness of ultrafiltration membranes for treating drinking water at Perumda Air Minum Sidoarjo in terms of technical aspects, institutional aspects and financial aspects. The research began by collecting data through field observations and collecting secondary data from company documents. The necessary data collection on technical aspects was carried out by interviews to obtain information on the reasons why the ultrafiltration membrane was installed, the reason the ultrafiltration membrane was deactivated, the membrane specifications and the operational parameters used. In addition, the quality of the water resulting from processing before the ultrafiltration membrane is deactivated. Meanwhile, the data required for the institutional aspect is data on the structure and training of drinking water processing personnel at the Sidoarjo Drinking Water Company. The data required for the financial aspect is data on the costs of purchasing, operating and maintaining ultrafiltration membranes. The data that has been obtained is processed by analyzing turbidity and color rejection performance compared to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2023 concerning drinking water, analyzing membrane fouling using flux values, and analyzing cleaning in place performance, evaluating human resources through structural data and IPA Krian Perumda Air Minum Sidoarjo personnel based on Government Regulation Number 16 of 2005, and evaluate the costs of purchasing, operating and maintaining ultrafiltration membranes. The results of research on technical aspects, namely water quality data on turbidity, color and pH parameters for 2016-2020, have fulfilled Minister of Health Regulation Number 2 of 2023 as drinking water, the percentage of rejection of turbidity parameters was 69.39% - 95.48%; the percentage of color parameter rejection was 43.60% - 61.6%, the cleaning in place performance carried out by Perumda Air Minum Sidoarjo was of good quality, however the pressure and discharge on the ultrafiltration membrane were small and did not comply with the ultrafiltration membrane specifications, resulting in a decrease flux from 2016-2020. In terms of institutional aspects, only 4 out of 12 operators have training in the field of operation and maintenance of ultrafiltration membranes. Meanwhile, in the financial aspect of the ultrafiltration membrane, the payback period (PP) of 10 months and the results of the net present value (NPV) analysis are positive so the investment is worth carrying out

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Air minum, aspek teknis, aspek kelembagaan, aspek finansial membran ultrafiltrasi, instalasi pengolahan air minum, teknologi membran, perumda air minum sidoarjo; Drinking water, technical aspects, institutional aspects, financial aspects ultrafiltration membranes, drinking water treatment plants, membrane technology, Sidoarjo drinking water company.
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD233 Water consumption T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD259.2 Drinking water. Water quality T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD433 Water treatment plants T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD481 Water distribution systems
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Nada Fikna Salsabila
Date Deposited:	31 Jan 2024 00:32
Last Modified:	31 Jan 2024 00:32
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/105793

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