Pengembangan Ergonomics Process Metrics Pada Pemindahan Pasien Menggunakan Prinsip Ergonomi Partisipatori Dengan Memperhatikan Aspek Keselamatan

Ghoffar, Achmad Muchibbul (2024) Pengembangan Ergonomics Process Metrics Pada Pemindahan Pasien Menggunakan Prinsip Ergonomi Partisipatori Dengan Memperhatikan Aspek Keselamatan. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Perawat merupakan tenaga kesehatan yang berkontribusi besar terhadap keberlangsungan operasi dan aktivitas yang ada di Rumah Sakit karena berinteraksi secara langsung dengan pasien dan memiliki intensitas yang paling tinggi dibanding dengan tenaga kesehatan yang lainnya. Resiko yang sering muncul pada perawat adalah berkaitan dengan keluhan musculoskeletal disorders. Hal ini disebabkan oleh penggunaan tenaga atau otot yang berlebihan oleh perawat ketika menangani pasien, seperti mengangkat, memindahkan atau menjangkau pasien. Hal ini juga terjadi karena kurangnya perawat dalam memahami prinsip ergonomi. Pada penelitian ini dikembangkan Ergonomics Process Metrics untuk perawat saat melakukan pemindahan pasien agar tidak mengalami musculoskeletal disorders dengan menggunakan prinsip ergonomi partisipatori dengan memperhatikan aspek keselamatan. Studi literatur dan studi lapangan berbentuk pengamatan secara langsung dilakukan untuk dapat mengembangkan 34 indikator pertanyaan dalam 11 dimensi pengukuran untuk penilaian. Beberapa ahli ergonomi dan perawat dilibatkan sesuai dengan prinsip ergonomi partisipatori. Indikator pertanyaan disusun menggunakan jawaban skala likert. Menggunakan fuzzy pairwise comparison dimensi pengukuran diberikan bobot sebesar 2% demografi, 15% postural, 14% alat bantu kerja, 14% keluhan ergonomi/K3, 16% repetisi/frekuensi, 7% alat pelindung diri, 14% desain workstation, 4% mental workload, 5% lingkungan kerja fisik, 6% komunikasi, dan 4% organisasi kerja. Algoritma skoring disusun dengan menggabungkan antara skor jawaban indikator pertanyaan dan bobot dimensi yang menghasilkan skor akhir berbentuk persentase dan ditentukan tingkat resiko dengan skor 1-31% resiko rendah, skor 32-44% resiko sedang, dan 45-100% resiko tinggi. Ergonomics process metrics divalidasi dengan membandingkan hasil pengukuran RULA dan didapatkan hasil yang tidak jauh berbeda. Pengukuran pada 30 perawat menghasilkan sebesar 23% perawat memiliki resiko rendah dan 77% perawat memiliki resiko sedang. Rekomendasi perbaikan yang diberikan adalah perubahan postur tubuh, menggunakan alat bantu yang nyaman, melakukan pemanasan sebelum melakukan pemindahan pasien, dan memperbaiki jalur pemindahan pasien.
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Nurses are health workers who contribute greatly to the continuity of operations and activities in hospitals because they interact directly with patients and have the highest intensity compared to other health workers. The risks that often arise in nurses are related to complaints of musculoskeletal disorders. This is caused by the use of excessive force or muscles by nurses when handling patients, such as lifting, moving or reaching patients. This also occurs due to the lack of nurses understanding the principles of ergonomics. In this research, Ergonomics Process Metrics were developed for nurses when transferring patients to avoid experiencing musculoskeletal disorders by using participatory ergonomics principles with attention to safety aspects. Literature studies and field studies in the form of direct observations were carried out to develop 34 question indicators in 11 measurement dimensions for assessment. Several ergonomists and nurses were involved in accordance with the principles of participatory ergonomics. Indicator questions are arranged using Likert scale answers. Using fuzzy pairwise comparison the measurement dimensions are given a weight of 2% demographics, 15% postural, 14% work aids, 14% ergonomics/K3 complaints, 16% repetition/frequency, 7% personal protective equipment, 14% workstation design, 4% mental workload, 5% physical work environment, 6% communication, and 4% work organization. The scoring algorithm is prepared by combining the question indicator answer scores and dimension weights which produces a final score in the form of a percentage and determines the risk level with a score of 1-31% low risk, a score of 32-44% medium risk, and 45-100% high risk. Ergonomics process metrics were validated by comparing the results of RULA measurements and obtained results that were not much different. Measurements on 30 nurses resulted in 23% of nurses having low risk and 77% of nurses having moderate risk. Recommendations for improvement given are changing body posture, using comfortable assistive devices, warming up before transferring the patient, and improving the patient transfer route.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Perawat, Penanganan Pasien, Gangguan Sistem Otot Rangka, Ergonomi Partisipatori, Nurses, Patient Handling, Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs), Participatory Ergonomics, Ergonomics Process Metrics, Ergonomics Checklist, Ergonomics Assessment, Fuzzy Pairwise Comparison
Subjects: R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA960+ Hospitals
R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine > RA971 Health services administration.
R Medicine > RT Nursing
R Medicine > RT Nursing > RT89 Nursing services--Administration.
T Technology > T Technology (General) > T174.5 Technology--Risk assessment.
T Technology > T Technology (General) > T55.3.H3 Hazardous substances--Safety measures.
T Technology > T Technology (General) > T55 Industrial Safety
T Technology > T Technology (General) > T59.7 Human-machine systems.
Divisions: Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User: Achmad Muchibbul Ghoffar
Date Deposited: 05 Feb 2024 04:29
Last Modified: 05 Feb 2024 04:29
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/106056

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