Analisa Tutupan Lahan dan Kerusakan Bangunan Akibat Gempa Cianjur 21 November 2022 Menggunakan Citra Satelit Sentinel-2

Prayogo, Michael Antonie (2024) Analisa Tutupan Lahan dan Kerusakan Bangunan Akibat Gempa Cianjur 21 November 2022 Menggunakan Citra Satelit Sentinel-2. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November.

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Abstract

Wilayah Cianjur merupakan area yang memiliki potensi untuk terjadi gempa tektonik yang disebabkan oleh pergerakan sesar. Gempa Cianjur yang terjadi pada 21 November 2022 disebabkan munculnya patahan baru yaitu Sesar Cugenang. Ditinjau dari kedalaman gempa buminya yaitu sekitar 10 km, aktivitas gempa bumi di kabupaten Cianjur termasuk dalam kategori dangkal dengan Magnitudo 5,6 merenggut sekitar 600 korban jiwa dan mengakibatkan 56.000 lebih unit rumah yang rusak.
Maka dari itu diperlukan pemantauan untuk melihat dampak gempa Cianjur terhadap perubahan tutupan lahan serta perubahan vegetasi dan lahan terbangun pada kabupaten Cianjur. Pemantauan ini memanfaatkan teknologi penginderaan jauh atau remote sensing dengan menggunakan data citra satelit sentinel-2. Data yang didapatkan nanti akan dianalisa dan diklasifikasikan menggunakan metode Supervised Classification untuk mendapatkan peta tutupan lahan sebelum dan sesudah gempa, dan penggunaan algoritma indeks NDBI untuk melihat kerapatan bangunan atau pemukiman di daerah yang terdampak gempa. Data-data yang telah dikumpulkan dari data Sentinel – 2 yaitu pada bulan Juli 2022 dan Januari 2023.
Setelah dilakukan Supervised Classification menggunakan metode Maximum Likelihood, didapatkan peta tutupan lahan untuk daerah terdampak gempa pada saat sebelum terjadi gempa dan sesudah terjadi gempa. Hasil uji akurasi juga dilakukan pada hasil klasifikasi ini dan didapatkan hasil akurasi 90.11%. Dari hasi tutupan lahan terlihat adanya penurunan luasan lahan terbangun dan lahan vegetasi setelah terjadi gempa. Telah dilakukan analisa pengambilan nilai indeks NDBI pada citra satelit sentinel-2 yang di-croping kan dengan luasan lahan terbangun. Sudah dilakukan klasifikasi tiap kelas NDBI untuk melihat kerapatan bangunan pada daerah terdampak gempa. Dari hasil analisis tersebut didapatkan adanya penurunan kerapatan dari sebelum gempa dan sesudah terjadi gempa. Kemudian telah dilakukan perhitungan perkiraan jumlah bangunan rusak menggunakan metode enummeration pada nilai NDBI khusu lahan terbangun. Setelah didapatkan hasil dari analisis enummeration, dibandingkan dengan data kerusakan bangunan di lapangan.
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The Cianjur region is an area that has the potential for tectonic earthquakes caused by fault movements. The Cianjur earthquake that occurred on November 21, 2022 was caused by the emergence of a new fault, namely the Cugenang Fault. Judging from the depth of the earthquake, which was around 10km, earthquake activity in Cianjur district was included in the shallow category with a magnitude of 5.6 which claimed around 600 lives and resulted in more than 56,000 damaged housing units.
Therefore monitoring is needed to see the impact of the Cianjur earthquake on changes in land cover and changes in vegetation and built-up land in Cianjur district. This monitoring utilizes remote sensing technology or remote sensing using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery data. The data obtained will later be analyzed and classified using the Supervised Classification method to obtain land cover maps before and after the earthquake, and the use of the NDBI index algorithm to see the density of buildings or settlements in areas affected by the earthquake. The data that has been collected from Sentinel – 2 data is in July 2022 and January 2023.
After the Supervised Classification was carried out using the Maximum Likelihood method, land cover maps were obtained for the earthquake-affected areas before and after the earthquake. The accuracy test results were also carried out on the results of this classification and the results obtained were 90.11% accuracy. From the results of land cover, it can be seen that there was a decrease in the area of built-up land and vegetation land after the earthquake. An analysis of taking the NDBI index value has been carried out on Sentinel-2 satellite imagery which has been cropped with the area of built-up land. Classification of each NDBI class has been carried out to see the density of buildings in the earthquake affected areas. From the results of the analysis, it was found that there was a decrease in density from before the earthquake and after the earthquake. Then a calculation of the estimated number of damaged buildings has been carried out using the enumeration method on the NDBI value, especially for built-up land. After obtaining the results from the enumeration analysis, they are compared with data on building damage in the field.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Gempa Bumi, NDBI, NDVI, Sentinel – 2, Cianjur,Earthquake
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > G Geography (General) > G70.212 ArcGIS. Geographic information systems. G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > G Geography (General) > G70.217 Geospatial data
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Geomatics Engineering > 29101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Michael Antonie Prayogo
Date Deposited:	06 Feb 2024 04:06
Last Modified:	06 Feb 2024 04:06
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/106265

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