Pemodelan Profitabilitas Sektor Pertambangan Di Indonesia Berdasarkan Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility Dengan Regresi Data Panel Dinamis Pendekatan Sys-Gmm

Latifah, Turfah (2024) Pemodelan Profitabilitas Sektor Pertambangan Di Indonesia Berdasarkan Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility Dengan Regresi Data Panel Dinamis Pendekatan Sys-Gmm. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sektor pertambangan merupakan salah satu sektor yang berkontribusi pada pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia melalui peningkatan Produk Domestik Bruto dan Pendapatan Negara Bukan Pajak. Namun, sektor ini juga berdampak negatif secara sosial dan lingkungan sehingga perlu dipastikan adanya program keberlanjutan melalui kegiatan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) yang mencerminkan tanggungjawab perusahaan terhadap sosial dan lingkungan. Dengan meningkatnya kesadaran pelanggan dan investor tentang praktik bisnis berkelanjutan, perusahaan harus terbuka mengungkapkan kegiatan CSRnya agar dapat memengaruhi persepsi dan reputasi perusahaan. Hal ini dapat menarik perhatian dan dukungan yang lebih baik dari stakeholder dan shareholder sehingga memengaruhi profitabilitas perusahaan. Indikator pengungkapan CSR ini diukur dengan indeks Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure (CSRD). Meskipun sektor pertambangan memiliki ketidakpastian, investasi resiko tinggi dan dampak lingkungan tetapi imbal-hasil yang tinggi. Hal ini akan menarik investor berinvestasi dengan mempertimbangkan kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Kinerja keuangan merupakan gambaran seberapa baik pengelolaan keuangan perusahaan melalui publikasi laporan keuangan dalam periode tertentu, salah satunya termasuk aspek profitabilitas (ROA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik dan mengestimasikan model profitabilitas (ROA) pada sektor pertambangan di Indonesia berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang diduga memengaruhinya seperti pengungkapan CSR (CSRD), Ukuran Perusahaan (SIZE), Leverage (DER), dan pertumbuhan ekonomi (GDPGR). Metode yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel dinamis pendekatan GMM Arellano-Bond (FD-GMM) dan GMM Blundell-Bond (SYS-GMM) untuk menghasilkan penduga tidak bias, konsisten, serta efisien. Sumber data dari website BEI dan website perusahaan dengan sampel 16 perusahaan pada periode 2017 – 2022. Hasil estimasi terbukti bahwa pemodelan profitabilitas (ROA) dengan metode SYS-GMM lebih efisien dibandingkan dengan metode FD-GMM. Hasilnya menunjukkan CSRD, SIZE, DER, dan GDPGR berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas (ROA). Setiap kenaikan 1 satuan pada masing-masing variabel CSRD, SIZE, DER, GDPGR akan berpengaruh terhadap ROA pada jangka pendek berturut-turut sebesar 0,0573 persen; 0,0132 persen; -0,0206 persen; dan 0,4101 persen. Sedangkan pengaruh jangka panjang variabel CSRD, SIZE, DER, dan GDPGR terhadap ROA sebesar 0,1147 persen; 0,0264 persen; -0,0413 persen; dan 0,8214 persen.
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The mining sector is one of the sectors that contributes to Indonesia's economic growth through increasing Gross Domestic Product and Non-Tax State Income. However, this sector also has negative social and environmental impacts, so it is necessary to ensure that there is a sustainability program through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities that reflect the company's social and environmental responsibility. With increasing customer and investor awareness about sustainable business practices, companies must openly disclose their CSR activities in order to influence the company's perception and reputation. This can attract better attention and support from stakeholders and shareholders thereby influencing the company's profitability. This CSR disclosure indicator is measured by the Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure (CSRD) index. Even though the mining sector has uncertainties, high investment risks and environmental impacts, the returns are high. This will attract investors to invest by considering the company's financial performance. Financial performance is an illustration of how well the company's financial management is through the publication of financial reports in a certain period, one of which includes the profitability aspect (ROA). This research aims to describe the characteristics and estimate a profitability model (ROA) in the mining sector in Indonesia based on factors that are thought to influence it such as CSR disclosure (CSRD), company size (SIZE), leverage (DER), and economic growth (GDPGR). The method used is dynamic panel data regression with the GMM Arellano-Bond (FD-GMM) and GMM Blundell-Bond (SYS-GMM) approaches to produce unbiased, consistent and efficient estimators. Data source from the BEI website and company websites with a sample of 16 companies in the period 2017 - 2022. The estimation results prove that profitability modeling (ROA) using the SYS-GMM method is more efficient and consistent compared to the FD-GMM method. The results show that CSRD, SIZE, DER, and GDPGR have a significant effect on profitability (ROA). Every 1 unit increase in each of the CSRD, SIZE, DER and GDPGR variables has an effect on ROA in the short term respectively by 0.0573 percent; 0.0132 percent; -0.0206 percent; and 0.4101 percent. Meanwhile, the long-term influence of the CSRD, SIZE, DER and GDPGR variables on ROA is 0,1147 percent; 0,0264 percent; -0,0413 percent; and 0,8214 percent.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure (CSRD), Profitability, Return On Assets (ROA), Generalized Method of Moment (GMM), Mining Sector
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QA Mathematics Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA401 Mathematical models.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Statistics > 49201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Turfah Latifah
Date Deposited:	06 Feb 2024 06:36
Last Modified:	06 Feb 2024 06:36
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/106297

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