Rancang Bangun Sistem Kendali Motor Stepper pada Mesin Computer Numerical Control (CNC) 3 Axis

Yusuf, Muhammad (2024) Rancang Bangun Sistem Kendali Motor Stepper pada Mesin Computer Numerical Control (CNC) 3 Axis. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin meningkat memberikan dampak pada sektor industri, termasuk sektor jasa dan produksi. Mesin yang dioperasikan oleh komputer telah menggantikan mesin konvensional yang dikontrol secara manual karena memiliki keunggulan dalam akurasi, efisiensi produksi, dan kemampuan membuat produk yang lebih kompleks. Dalam dunia pendidikan teknik mesin, mesin CNC sangat penting untuk memperkenalkan teknologi terkini. Namun, mesin CNC Training Unit milik Departemen Teknik Mesin ITS mengalami kendala karena pengendali mesin CNC yang tidak berfungsi sebagaimana mestinya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian dilakukan untuk merancang sistem kendali pada motor stepper Mesin CNC 3 Axis menggunakan platform Arduino untuk mengoperasikan kembali mesin CNC tersebut. Tahapan dalam perancangan sistem sistem kendali meliputi perencanaan sistem kendali, perancangan program, pengujian alat, dan pengambilan data. Dalam menjalankan sistem kendali motor stepper mesin CNC 3 Axis, teknik yang digunakan untuk mengontrol motor stepper adalah dengan menggunakan perintah yang diterjemahkan menjadi pulsa langkah dan sinyal arah. Hasil analisis menunjukkan sistem kendali hasil rancang bangun yang dikontrol melalui controller Arduino Mega dan diprogram oleh software Arduino IDE berjalan sesuai dengan perintah program. Dari hasil analisa statistik didapatkan bahwa error yang terjadi pada sumbu sumbu x dan sumbu y memiliki signifikansi yang tinggi terhadap error yang akan didapat, berbeda dengan sumbu z yang memiliki nilai signifikansi yang rendah terhadap error yang akan didapat, secara keseluruhan error maksimum yang didapat dari setiap sumbu x, sumbu y, dan sumbu z berturut-turut sebesar 2,49%, 1,34%, dan 0,35%.
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The increasing development of technology has had an impact on the industrial sector, including both service and production sectors. Computer-operated machines have replaced manual-controlled conventional machines due to their advantages in accuracy, production efficiency, and ability to create more complex products. In the field of mechanical engineering education, CNC machines are essential in introducing the latest technology. However, the CNC Training Unit owned by the Department of Mechanical Engineering at ITS is facing issues with the CNC controller not functioning properly. Therefore, research is being conducted to retrofit the 3 Axis CNC machine by designing a control system for its stepper motor using an Arduino platform to operate it again. The stages in designing the control system include planning the control system, designing the program, testing the equipment, and collecting data. The technique used to control the stepper motor in the 3 Axis CNC machine is by translating commands into step pulses and direction signal. The results of the analysis show that the designed control system controlled through the Arduino Mega controller and programmed by the Arduino IDE software runs in accordance with the program commands. From the results of statistical analysis, it is found that the error that occurs in the x-axis and y-axis has a high significance to the error to be obtained, in contrast to the z-axis which has a low significance value to the error to be obtained, overall the maximum error obtained from each x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis is 2.49%, 1.34%, and 0.35%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	CNC, Error, Motor Stepper, Sistem kendali, Sumbu, Axis, Control System, Error, Stepper Motor
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ1225 Milling machines numerically controlled
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Yusuf
Date Deposited:	07 Feb 2024 06:57
Last Modified:	07 Feb 2024 06:57
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/106389

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