Perancangan Impeller Single Suction dan Double Suction Pada Condensate Extraction Pump (Studi Kasus: PLTU Paiton Unit 9)

Abieza, Kaylief Tan (2024) Perancangan Impeller Single Suction dan Double Suction Pada Condensate Extraction Pump (Studi Kasus: PLTU Paiton Unit 9). Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Condensate Extraction Pump (CEP) adalah jenis pompa sentrifugal Multistage dengan Shaft Axial yang berfungsi untuk memindahkan air hasil kondensasi dari kondensor menuju deaerator. CEP diperlukan karena air pada kondensor memiliki tekanan vakum sehingga memerlukan pompa untuk menaikkan head dari fluida sehingga dapat memasok deaerator yang letaknya berada di ketinggian tertentu Pada sistem PLTU Paiton Unit 9 terdapat beberapa jenis pompa yang digunakan. Salah satu pompa yang digunakan untuk mengalirkan air kondensat yang berasal dari kondensor menuju deaerator. Pompa ini termasuk jenis pompa sentrifugal dengan jenis sumbu/Shaft vertikal yang biasa dinamakan Condensate Extraction Pump (CEP). Pada saat operasi, Condensate Extraction Pump sering mengalami kerusakan. Analisis kerusakan pada CEP dilakukan melalui metode vibrasi dan pengamatan material impeller pompa serta kerusakan diduga diakibatkan oleh adanya kavitasi. Untuk mengurangi potensi kavitasi yang terjadi pada CEP dilakukan pengontrolan level ketinggian permukaan air pada kondensor. Dengan demikian Net Positive Suction Head pada CEP dapat dikendalikan sehingga resiko kavitasi dapat dikurangi. Kavitasi merupakan kerusakan yang merugikan bagi pompa. Peristiwa ini sangat sulit untuk didefinisikan karena melibatkan aliran unsteady serta partikel material dari impeller pompa dimana fluida menguap karena tekanannya berada di bawah tekanan uap jenuhnya sehingga mengubah fluida cair menjadi uap dan membentuk gelembung gelembung yang akan pecah dan menabrak permukaan material sehingga mengakibatkan erosi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa water level kondensor harus dijaga pada ketinggian minimal 0.25 m untuk menjaga nilai NPSHA lebih tinggi daripada nilai NPSHR. Untuk perancangan impeller double suction, didapatkan ns 97 rpm, dengan diameter outlet 585 mm dan diameter inlet 275 mm, dengan jumlah sudu 6. Sedangkan untuk impeller single suction didapatkan ns 137 rpm, dengan diameter outlet 586 mm dan diameter inlet 347 mm, dengan jumlah sudu 6.
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Condensate Extraction Pump (CEP) is a type of Multistage centrifugal pump with an Axial Shaft which functions to transfer condensate water from the condenser to the deaerator. CEP is needed because the water in the condenser has a vacuum pressure so it requires a pump to increase the head of the fluid so that it can supply the deaerator which is located at a certain height. In the Paiton Unit 9 PLTU system there are several types of pumps used. One of the pumps used to drain condensate water from the condenser to the deaerator. This pump is a type of centrifugal pump with a vertical Shaft type which is commonly called a Condensate Extraction Pump (CEP). During operation, the Condensate Extraction Pump is often damaged. Analysis of damage to the CEP was carried out through the vibration method and observation of the pump impeller material and the damage was suspected to be caused by cavitation. To reduce the potential for cavitation that occurs in CEP, control of the water level in the condenser is carried out. Thus the Net Positive Suction Head at CEP can be controlled so that the risk of cavitation can be reduced. Cavitation is a detrimental damage to the pump. This event is very difficult to define because it involves unsteady Flow and material particles from the pump impeller where the fluid evaporates because the pressure is below the saturated vapor pressure so that it turns liquid into steam and forms bubbles which will burst and crash into the surface of the material causing erosion. The results show that the condenser water level must be maintained at a minimum height of 0.25 m to maintain the NPSHA value higher than the NPSHR value. For the design of a double suction impeller, ns is 97 rpm, with an outlet diameter of 585 mm and an inlet diameter of 275 mm, with a number of blades 6. Meanwhile for a single suction impeller, ns is 137 rpm, with an outlet diameter of 586 mm and an inlet diameter of 347 mm, with a number of blades 6.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Condensate Extraction Pump, Kavitasi, Impeller, Impeller, Cavitation
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ903 Pumping machinery. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ919 Centrifugal pumps--Design and construction.
Divisions:	61101-Magister Management Technology
Depositing User:	Kaylief Tan Abieza
Date Deposited:	07 Feb 2024 08:19
Last Modified:	07 Feb 2024 08:19
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/106402

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