Desain dan Studi Numerikal Crashworthiness Sistem Bemper Mobil Listrik Dua Penumpang

Apriandi, Riyki (2024) Desain dan Studi Numerikal Crashworthiness Sistem Bemper Mobil Listrik Dua Penumpang. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sistem bemper yang terdiri dari bumper beam dan crash box merupakan komponen sturuktural yang berperan sebagai perangkat keselamatan pasif sebuah mobil. Bumper beam dan crash box bekerja dengan cara menyerap energi kinetik impact selama tabrakan arah depan melalui proses deformasi. Dalam mendesain sebuah mobil, terutama pada sistem bemper perlu mempertimbangkan aspek desain terhadap crashworthiness untuk meningkatkan keselamatan dan mengurangi kerusakan pada kompertemen mobil. Adanya perbedaan dimensi sebuah desain sistem bemper dapat memberikan perbedaan kinerja sistem bemper dalam menyerap energi kinetik saat impact terjadi. Mobil listrik tipe BEV kapasitas dua penumpang mempunyai ukuran dimensi yang relatif lebih kecil jika dibandingkan mobil dengan kapasitas empat penumpang maupun lebih. Pada penelitian ini akan didesain sebuah 3D model sistem bemper berdasarkan ukuran dimensi mobil listrik tipe BEV kapasitas dua penumpang. Terdapat sembilan model crash box yang didesain dengan tiga bentuk penampang berbeda yaitu square, circular, dan hexagonal. Model chassis dengan tiga bentuk desain frame depan yang berbeda juga dibuat untuk mengamati kinerja sistem bemper terhadap chassis saat impact diterapkan. Studi numerikal simulasi finite element pada software ANSYS explicit dynamics dilakukan untuk menilai kinerja crashworthiness sistem bemper yang didesain. Perencanaan desain ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan sebuah desain sistem bemper yang mampu menyerap energi kinetik impact lebih baik. Model crash box hexagonal dengan kombinasi geometric imperfection crash beads dan triggers mempunyai nilai crashworthiness struktur lebih baik dengan nilai energy absorption 10,23 kJ, specific energy absroption 90,59 kJ/kg, initial peak force 277,42 kN, mean crushing force 233,77 kJ/mm, dan crush force efficiency 84,26 %. Model chassis bentuk frame depan tabular berdiameter 50 mm dan ketebalan 3 mm menerima distribusi energi kinetik lebih baik dengan menyerap energi kinetik sebesar 13,3 kJ. Sistem bemper mobil listrik BEV kapasitas dua penumpang yang di desain dapat menyerap energi sebesar 35,32 % dari seluruh total energi pada sistem.
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The bumper system consisting of a bumper beam and crash box is a structural component that acts as a passive safety device for a car. The bumper beam and crash box work by absorbing the kinetic energy of the impact during a frontal collision through a deformation process. When designing a car, especially the bumper system, it is necessary to consider design aspects regarding crashworthiness to increase safety and reduce damage to the car's compartment. The difference in dimensions of a bumper system design can provide differences in the performance of the bumper system in absorbing kinetic energy when an impact occurs. Electric vehicles of the BEV type with a capacity of two passengers have relatively smaller dimensions of the bumper system compared to vehicles with a capacity of four passengers or more. In this research, a 3D model of the bumper system will be designed based on the dimensions of a electric vehicles of the BEV type with a capacity of two passengers. There are nine crash box models designed with three different cross-sectional shapes, namely square, circular and hexagonal. Chassis models with three different front frame designs were also created to observe the performance of the bumper system on the chassis when impact is applied. Numerical simulation study finite element in ANSYS explicit dynamics software was carried out to assess the crashworthiness performance of the designed bumper system. This design plan aims to obtain a bumper system design that is able to absorb impact kinetic energy better. The hexagonal crash box model with a combination of geometric imperfection crash beads and triggers has a better structural crashworthiness value with an energy absorption value of 10.23 kJ, specific energy absorption 90.59 kJ/kg, initial peak force 277.42 kN, mean crushing force 233, 77 kJ/mm, and crush force efficiency 84.26%. The chassis model with a tabular front frame with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 3 mm is able to receive better kinetic energy distribution by absorbing kinetic energy of 13.3 kJ. The BEV electric vehicle bumper system with a capacity of two passengers that has been designed can absorb energy equal to 35.32% of the total energy in the system.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Crashworthiness, Bumper beam, Crash box, Finite element, Energy absorption, Specific energy absorption, Mean crushing force, Crush force efficiency
Subjects:	T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics > TL220 Electric vehicles and their batteries, etc.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Riyki Apriandi
Date Deposited:	09 Feb 2024 13:46
Last Modified:	09 Feb 2024 13:46
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/106585

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