Safitri, Shofiyah Nabilla (2024) Analisa Head Loss pada CUSSONS Friction Loss in Pipe Apparatus: Valves, Elbows, Fitting dan Flowmeter "Modifikasi Penambahan Check Valve, Ball Valve dan Gate Valve". Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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02111940000052_Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only until 1 April 2026. Download (3MB) | Request a copy |
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02111940000052_Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only until 1 April 2026. Download (3MB) | Request a copy |
Abstract
Sistem perpipaan memiliki dua saluran yaitu saluran lurus dan saluran dengan komponen tambahan fittings (elbows, sudden enlargement dan sudden contraction). Analisis dilakukan menggunakan alat uji yaitu CUSSONS friction loss in pipe apparatus yang menggunakan material Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) dan Acrylic. Alat uji ini adalah perangkat pengujian yang digunakan untuk mengukur head loss perpipaan yang diimplementasikan dalam instalasi system perpipaan yang ada di Laboratorium Mekanika dan Mesin-Mesin Fluida. Alat ini telah digunakan cukup lama dan perawatan yang minim sehingga diperlukan analisa head loss meliputi head loss mayor dan head loss minor untuk mengembalikan fungsi performa sistem ini. Sistem perpipaan ini dilengkapi dengan beberapa katup (valves) terpasang pada perpipaan yang meliputi check valve, ball valve dan gate valve. Selain itu, terdapat beberapa jenis elbows seperti long radius elbow 90°, standard radius elbow 90°, dan elbow 45°. Fittings lain yang juga terpasang meliputi sudden enlargement dan sudden contraction. Sistem ini juga dilengkapi dengan dua flowmeter yaitu rotameter dan venturimeter. Setiap komponen dilengkapi dengan sepasang pressure tap untuk mengukur perbedaan tekanan atau pressure drop. Pressure tap tersebut terhubung dengan manometer U yang berisi air raksa dengan specific gravity (SG) 13,6. Koefisien minor losses dari valves, fittings, elbows dan flowmeter kemudian dihitung berdasarkan pressure drop yang terjadi pada masing-masing komponen. Selanjutnya, dilakukan evaluasi terhadap head loss mayor pada pipa lurus. Dua jenis ukuran pipa lurus dengan diameter 1,0 in dan 0,75 in digunakan sebagai obyek untuk dievaluasi nilai pressure drop dan head loss mayor-nya. Evaluasi head loss mayor dapat dilakukan menggunakan persamaan Swamee-Jain dan persamaan Darcy-Weisbach. Pompa sentrifugal single stage yang digerakkan oleh motor listrik dengan daya pompa 750 W. Dari hasil analisa menunjukkan hubungan antara friction factor (f ) terhadap Reynolds number (R e ) pada line I yang berbahan PVC dan line III yang berbahan acrylic. Nilai f pada pipa akan turun seiring dengan kenaikan Reynolds number yang semakin besar. Pada pengujian head loss minor, diperoleh grafik hubungan loss coefficient (K L ) terhadap Reynolds number (R e ) pada masing-masing fitting yang digunakan pada line IV dan juga pada check valve, ball valve dan gate valve. pada line III. Seiring dengan bukaan valve yang diperkecil maka head loss yang dihasilkan semakin besar.
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The piping system consists of two channels, namely the straight channel and the channel with additional fittings (elbows, sudden enlargement and sudden contraction). The analysis is conducted using the CUSSONS friction loss in pipe apparatus, which utilizes Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and Acrylic materials.The CUSSONS friction loss in pipe apparatus is a testing device used to measure head loss in the piping installation present in the Laboratory of Mechanics and Fluid Machines.This apparatus has been in use for a considerable period with minimal maintenance, hence requiring an analysis of both major and minor head losses to restore the system’s performance. The piping system is equipped with several valves, including check valve, ball valve and gate valve. Additionally, there are various types of elbows such us long radius elbow 90°, standard elbow 90°, and elbow 45°. Other installed fittings include sudden enlargement and sudden contraction. The system is also equipped with two flowmeters, namely rotameter and vaenturimeter. Each component is fitted with a pair of pressure taps to measure pressure differences or pressure drops. These pressure taps are connected to a U-Shaped manometer filled with mercury having a specific gravity (SG) of 13,6. The minor loss coefficients of valves, fittings, elbows and flowmeters are then calculated based on the obseved pressure drop in each component. Furthermore, an evaluation of major head loss in the straight pipes is conducted. Two different pipe sizes with diameters of 1,0 in and 0,75 in are used as objects to evaluate their respective pressure drops and major head losses. The evaluation of major head loss can be performed using the Swamee-Jain equation and the Darcy-Weisbach equation. The system utilizes a single-stage centrifugal pump driven by a 750 W electric motor. The analysis results indicate the relationship between the friction factor (f), Reynolds number (Rein line I using PVC materials and line III using acrylic material. The value of f decreases as the Reynolds number invreses. During the minor head loss testing, graphs are obtained showing the relationship between the loss coefficient (K_L) and Reynolds number (Re) for each fitting used in IV, as well as for the check valves, ball valves and gate valves used in III.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | head loss, friction factor, relative roughness, loss coefficient, discharge coefficient, Reynolds number |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ935 Pipe--Fluid dynamics. Tubes--Fluid dynamics |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Shofiyah Nabilla Safitri |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Feb 2024 02:03 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Feb 2024 02:03 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/106818 |
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