Hermawan, Heru (2024) Pemilihan Metode Pengeringan Biomassa Untuk Menurunkan Kadar Moisture Dengan Metode AHP-TOPSIS Untuk Cofiring Di PLTU Pelabuhan Ratu. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Dalam menghadapi isu perubahan iklim global, negara-negara di dunia turut mengambil langkah untuk mengatasinya, termasuk Indonesia. Indonesia mengambil langkah melalui program cofiring biomassa di PLTU batubara. PLTU batubara menjadi penyumbang emisi gas rumah kaca tertinggi di dunia. Cofiring biomassa merupakan salah satu langkah untuk mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca. PLN memiliki peran strategis dalam menyukseskan program nasional ini. PLN telah menetapkan roadmap target produksi energi hijau dari cofiring biomassa sebesar 11,1 TWh pada tahun 2030.
PLTU Pelabuhan Ratu telah melakukan cofiring biomassa sejak tahun 2020 menggunakan sawdust. Ada beberapa tantangan yang harus dihadapi, seperti kadar moisture yang tinggi dan nilai kalorinya rendah. Dari tahun ke tahun, target akan semakin meningkat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu langkah untuk menurunkan kadar moisture dan menaikan nilai kalori biomassa. Manajemen telah merencanakan untuk membangun fasilitas pengering biomassa. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk mendukung rencana tersebut. Penelitian ini akan fokus pada pembahasan teknologi pengering yang sudah banyak digunakan di industri, seperti rotary dryer, packed moving bed dryer, dan pneumatic/flash dryer. Penelitian ini menggunakan kombinasi metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) untuk menganalisis kriteria-kriteria dalam pemilihan alternatif pengering biomassa. Metode AHP menggunakan 4 kriteria utama dan 8 subkriteria. Kriteria utama paling dominan adalah kriteria teknis (48,3%). Sedangkan, subkriteria paling dominan secara global, yaitu karakteristik biomassa (28,1%), safety (20,5%), dan lingkungan (17,8%). Perhitungan metode TOPSIS menghasilkan rotary dryer sebagai alternatif paling prioritas. Uji sensitivitas dilakukan dengan mengubah bobot 3 kriteria paling dominan secara global. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa pengambilan keputusan bersifat konsisten.
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Countries around the world are taking steps to address the issue of global climate change, including Indonesia. Indonesia is taking steps through a biomass cofiring program in coal-fired power plants. Coal power plants are the world's highest contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Cofiring biomass is one of the steps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. PLN has a strategic role in the success of this national program. PLN has set a roadmap targeting green energy production from biomass, consisting of 11.1 TWh by 2030. Pelabuhan Ratu Power Plant has been conducting biomass cofiring since 2020 using sawdust. The main challenge of biomass cofiring at Pelabuhan Ratu Power Plant is the high moisture and low calorific value of the biomass (sawdust). This biomass characteristic causes low green energy production despite high biomass utilization. Meanwhile, the green energy production target continues to increase in the upcoming year, according to PLN's Cofiring Roadmap. This research focused on the selection of biomass dryers using Multi-Criteria Decision Making, including rotary dryers, packed moving bed dryers, and flash dryers. The method used was the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) using four criteria and eight sub-criteria. The most dominant main criterion is technical criteria (48.3%). The top 3 criteria with the highest global weight (AHP results) are Biomass Characteristics (28.1%), Safety (20.5%), and Environment (17.8%). TOPSIS calculation resulted in the rotary dryer being the best alternative biomass dryer. Furthermore, a sensitivity test was conducted by changing the weight of each of the top 3 criteria by -25% and +25%. The results show that the rotary dryer is consistently the best alternative.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | pengering biomassa, cofiring, nilai kalori, moisture, AHP, TOPSIS biomass dryer, cofiring, calorific value, moisture, AHP, TOPSIS |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. |
| Divisions: | Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) |
| Depositing User: | Heru Hermawan |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Feb 2024 13:20 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Feb 2024 13:20 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/106855 |
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