Priandika, Yoga Erry (2024) Studi Numerik Instalasi Tandem Dua Turbin Hidrokinetik Savonius Pada Kanal Air Pendingin PLTU Paiton. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Energi air merupakan salah satu sumber energi terbarukan yang potensinya sangat besar di Indonesia. Salah satu potensi energi air yang dapat dimanfaatkan adalah pada kanal air pendingin Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU). Salah satu PLTU yang dioperasikan oleh anak usaha PT PLN (Persero) yaitu PT PLN Nusantara Power yang memiliki kapasitas cukup besar adalah PLTU Paiton. Pada PLTU Paiton terdapat kanal air pendingin dengan lebar 15 m dan kedalaman 10 m. Air mengalir pada kanal ini dengan kecepatan antara 1 - 2,8 m/s. Energi air pada kanal ini sangat potensial untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi. Salah satu turbin hidrokinetik yang dapat digunakan untuk mengkonversi energi air adalah turbin Savonius. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jarak optimal antara dua turbin Savonius tandem yang dipasang pada kanal air pendingin PLTU Paiton. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara simulasi numerik menggunakan software Ansys Fluent 2023 R2. Simulasi dilakukan dengan dua konfigurasi yaitu kedua turbin tandem berputar searah dan berputar berlawanan arah. Variasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu jarak antara kedua turbin (T/D) sebesar 2,1; 5; 40; 50; 60; 70; 260; 270; 290; dan 300. Turbin disimulasikan berada pada kanal air pendingin PLTU Paiton dengan ukuran kanal 15000 mm x 10000 mm dan kecepatan aliran air sebesar 2 m/s. Turbin yang digunakan yaitu turbin Savonius dua sudu dengan ukuran diameter sudu (D) 578 mm, diameter poros (b) 40 mm, diameter turbin (L) 1100 mm, tebal sudu (t) 8 mm, dan tinggi turbin (H) 1100 mm. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini yaitu pada jarak T/D yang sangat dekat (T/D = 2,1 dan 5), kedua turbin akan saling mempengaruhi. Pada jarak T/D = 50, 60, 70, 260, 270, dan 290 turbin belakang sudah tidak memberikan pengaruh pada performa turbin depan sehingga performa turbin depan sama dengan turbin tunggal. Pada jarak tersebut, semakin jauh jarak T/D, pengaruh dari turbin depan pada turbin belakang semakin berkurang hingga performa turbin belakang mendekati turbin depan dan turbin tunggal. Jarak T/D = 300 merupakan jarak optimal kedua turbin tandem baik dalam konfigurasi putaran searah maupun konfigurasi putaran berlawanan arah. Pada jarak tersebut interaksi kedua turbin sangat kecil sehingga performa turbin belakang sudah menyerupai turbin depan dan turbin tunggal.
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Water energy is a renewable energy source that has enormous potential in Indonesia. One of the potential water energy that can be utilized is in the cooling water canals of Steam Power Plants (PLTU). One of the PLTUs operated by a subsidiary of PT PLN (Persero), namely PT PLN Nusantara Power, which has quite a large capacity is PLTU Paiton. At the PLTU Paiton, there is a cooling water canal with a width of 15 m and a depth of 10 m. Water flows in this canal at speeds between 1 - 2.8 m/s. The water energy in this canal has the potential to be utilized as an energy source. One of the hydrokinetic turbines that can be used to convert water energy is the Savonius turbine. This research was conducted to determine the optimal distance between two tandem Savonius turbines installed in the PLTU Paiton cooling water channel. This research was conducted using numerical simulation using Ansys Fluent 2023 R2 software. The simulation was carried out with two configurations, namely two tandem turbines rotating in the same direction and rotating in the opposite direction. The variations used in this research are the distance between the two turbines (T/D) of 2.1; 5; 40; 50; 60; 70; 260; 270; 290; and 300. The turbine is simulated in the cooling water channel of the Paiton PLTU with a channel size of 15000 mm x 10000 mm and a water flow speed of 2 m/s. The turbine used is a two-blade Savonius turbine with blade diameter (D) 578 mm, shaft diameter (b) 40 mm, turbine diameter (L) 1100 mm, blade thickness (t) 8 mm, and turbine height (H) 1100 mm. The results obtained in this research are that at very close T/D distances (T/D = 2.1 and 5), the two turbines will influence each other. At a distance of T/D = 50, 60, 70, 260, 270, and 290 the rear turbine does not affect the front turbine's performance so the front turbine's performance is the same as a single turbine. At this distance, the greater the T/D distance, the influence of the front turbine on the rear turbine decreases until the performance of the rear turbine approaches that of the front turbine and single turbine. The distance T/D = 300 is the optimal distance between the two tandem turbines in both rotating in the same direction and rotating in the opposite direction configuration. At this distance, the interaction between the two turbines is very small so the performance of the rear turbine is similar to that of the front turbine and a single turbine.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | PLTU Paiton, tandem, turbin hidrokinetik, turbin Savonius |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA357 Computational fluid dynamics. Fluid Mechanics T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ266 Turbines. Turbomachines (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Yoga Erry Priandika |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Feb 2024 15:36 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Feb 2024 15:36 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/106946 |
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