Mujiono, Mujiono (2024) Analisis Kegagalan Pipa API 5L Grade B Tertanam untuk Penyaluran Minyak Mentah. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pipa penyalur dari Stasiun Pengumpul BDA ke Stasiun Pengumpul Utama A posisi tertanam digunakan untuk mengirimkan fluida cair berupa minyak mentah dan produced water. Pipa penyalur API 5L grade B memiliki diameter 6 inchi dan panjang 18000 meter. Pipa memiliki design life 20 tahun, namun setelah dioperasikan selama lima tahun terjadi kebocoran sebanyak 41 titik di area kilometer 14 sampai dengan kilometer 16. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan penilitian untuk mengetahui penyebab pipa mengalami kegagalan sebelum umur design life. Sampel pipa dilakukan pengamatan visual untuk melihat kondisi pipa. Pengujian ultrasonic thickness dilakukan untuk mengukur ketebalan pipa. Pengujian spectrometry dilakukan untuk mengetahui komposisi unsur pada pipa. Pengujian metalografi dilakukan mengetahui struktur mikro pada area kebocoran. Pengujian SEM dilakukan untuk melihat morfologi pada area kebocoran. Pengujian EDS dilakukan untuk mengetahui unsur yang terkandung pada sampel pipa dan produk korosi. Karakterisasi XRD dan FTIR digunakan untuk mengetahui unsur yang terkandung pada deposit di dalam pipa. Pengamatan visual dapat diketahui bagian dalam pipa mengalami penipisan bagian bawah arah jam 3 sampai dengan arah jam 9 dan dibuktikan dengan hasil pengukuran ketebalan menggunakan ultrasonic thickness. Hasil pengujian spectrometry menunjukan semua unsur yang terkandung pada pipa sesuai dengan pipa API 5L Grade B. Hasil SEM pada area kebocoran dapat diketahui bahwa morfologi korosi identik dengan oxygen influenced corrosion dan terdapat celah pada produk korosi. Hasil EDS produk korosi dominan unsur Fe dan Oksigen. Hasil analisis XRD dan FTIR deposit pada bagian atas merupakan wax dan XRD deposit pada bagian bawah teridentifikasi produk korosi. Kegagalan pipa pada kilometer 14 sampai dengan kilometer 16 terjadi pada elevasi terendah. Keadaan ini menyebabkan pipa terendam oleh produced water pada posisi arah jam 3 sampai dengan arah jam 9 yang menginisiasi terjadainya oxygen influenced corrosion dan terbentuk ion hidroksida (OH-). Terbentuknya ion hidroksida (OH-) memicu terjadinya terjadi mekanisme Under Deposit Corrosion (UDC)
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The distribution pipe from the BDA Collecting Station to the Main Collecting Station A in the embedded position is used to send liquid fluids in the form of crude oil and produced water. The API 5L grade B distribution pipe has a diameter of 6 inches and a length of 18,000 meters. The pipe has a design life of 20 years, but after being operated for five years there were leaks at 41 points in the area of kilometers 14 to kilometer 16. Therefore, research is needed to find out the cause of the pipe failing before its design life. Pipe samples were subjected to visual observation to see the condition of the pipe. Ultrasonic thickness testing is carried out to measure pipe thickness. Spectrometry testing is carried out to determine the elemental composition of the pipe. Metallographic testing is carried out to determine the microstructure of the leak area. SEM testing was carried out to see the morphology of the leak area. EDS testing is carried out to determine the elements contained in pipe samples and corrosion products. XRD and FTIR characterization are used to determine the elements contained in the deposits in the pipe. Visual observation can show that the inside of the pipe is thinning at the bottom from 3 o'clock to 9 o'clock and this is proven by the results of thickness measurements using ultrasonic thickness. The spectrometry test results show that all the elements contained in the pipe correspond to API 5L Grade B pipe. SEM results in the leak area show that the corrosion morphology is identical to oxygen influenced corrosion and there are gaps in the corrosion product. The EDS results of the dominant corrosion products are Fe and Oxygen elements. The results of XRD and FTIR analysis of the deposits at the top were wax and XRD deposits at the bottom identified corrosion products. Pipe failure at kilometers 14 to kilometer 16 occurred at the lowest elevation. This situation causes the pipe to be submerged by produced water at the 3 o'clock to 9 o'clock position which initiates the occurrence of oxygen influenced corrosion and the formation of hydroxide ions (OH-). The formation of hydroxide ions (OH-) triggers the Under Deposit Corrosion (UDC) mechanism
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | deposit pipa, kegagalan pipa, minyak mentah; under deposit corrosion, crude oil, pipe failure, pipe deposits, produced water |
Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ930 Pipelines (General). Underwater pipelines. |
Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21101-(S2) Master Thesis |
Depositing User: | Mujiono Mujiono |
Date Deposited: | 12 Feb 2024 06:37 |
Last Modified: | 12 Feb 2024 06:37 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/106948 |
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