Pengaruh Agen Presipitasi dalam Ekstraksi Nikel dan Kobalt dari Larutan Pelindian Bijih Nikel Laterit Menggunakan Asam Sulfat

Karimah, Nur (2024) Pengaruh Agen Presipitasi dalam Ekstraksi Nikel dan Kobalt dari Larutan Pelindian Bijih Nikel Laterit Menggunakan Asam Sulfat. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Proses ekstraksi nikel dan kobalt dari bijih laterit banyak dilakukan melalui proses hidrometalurgi. Pada penelitian ini digunakan proses hidrometalurgi berupa pelindian menggunakan larutan asam sulfat (H2SO4) dengan sampel bijih laterit yang berasal dari Kabupaten Konawe, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Terdapat tiga tahapan ekstraksi nikel dan kobalt dalam penelitian ini yaitu, preparasi sampel, pelindian bijih laterit, dan pengendapan nikel dan kobalt menggunakan berbagai reagen presipitasi. Sampel dengan ukuran 200 mesh dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRF dan XRD untuk mengetahui unsur dan mineral di dalamnya. Proses pelindian dioptimalisasi menggunakan variasi konsentrasi asam sulfat dan waktu pelindian dengan suhu dan kecepatan pengadukan konstan. Kondisi optimum pelindian dicapai pada konsentrasi asam sulfat 7M dengan waktu pelindian selama 6 jam. Didapatkan nilai %ekstrak nikel dan kobalt masing-masing sebesar 99,97% dan 98,27%. Filtrat hasil pelindian pada kondisi optimum dipresipitasi menggunakan beberapa reagen diantaranya yaitu, asam oksalat (H2C2O4), amonium oksalat ((NH4)2C2O4), amonium hidroksida (NH4OH), dan natrium hidroksida (NaOH). Asam oksalat tidak dapat mengendapkan nikel dan kobalt secara langsung karena konsentrasi asam sulfat yang digunakan pada proses pelindian terlalu besar. Sehingga perlu adanya penambahan reagen bersifat basa, dalam hal ini amonium oksalat dan amonium hidroksida, yang berfungsi untuk menetralkan filtrat. Penambahan asam oksalat setelah filtrat netral dapat mengendapkan nikel dalam bentuk nikel oksalat. Sedangkan, tidak terbentuk senyawa kobalt oksalat. Natrium hidroksida berhasil mengendapkan nikel dan kobalt dalam bentuk nikel hidroksida dan kobalt hidroksida. Namun, masih dijumpai logam yang bersenyawa dengan sulfat sehingga perlu dilakukan optimalisasi lebih lanjut pada proses presipitasi.
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The extraction process of nickel and cobalt from laterite ore is mostly carried out through hydrometallurgical processes. In this research, a hydrometallurgical process was used in the form of leaching using a sulfuric acid solution (H2SO4) with laterite ore samples originating from Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. There are three stages of nickel and cobalt extraction in this research, namely, sample preparation, leaching of laterite ore, and precipitation of nickel and cobalt using various precipitation reagents. Samples with a size of 200 mesh were characterized using XRF and XRD to determine the elements and minerals in them. The leaching process was optimized using variations in sulfuric acid concentration and leaching time with constant temperature and stirring speed. Optimum leaching conditions were achieved at a sulfuric acid concentration of 7M with a leaching time of 6 hours. The % nickel and cobalt extract values were 99.97% and 98,27% respectively. The filtrate resulting from leaching under optimum conditions is precipitated using several reagents, including oxalic acid (H2C2O4), ammonium oxalate ((NH4)2C2O4), ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Oxalic acid cannot precipitate nickel and cobalt directly because the concentration of sulfuric acid used in the leaching process is too large. So it is necessary to add alkaline reagents, in this case ammonium oxalate and ammonium hydroxide, which function to neutralize the filtrate. The addition of oxalic acid after the filtrate is neutral can precipitate nickel in the form of nickel oxalate. Meanwhile, no cobalt oxalate compounds were formed. Sodium hydroxide successfully precipitates nickel and cobalt in the form of nickel hydroxide and cobalt hydroxide. However, metals are still found in compounds with sulfate, so further optimization of the precipitation process needs to be carried out.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bijih Laterit, Pelindian Asam Sulfat, Presipitasi, Laterite Ore, Sulfuric Acid Leaching, Precipitation
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD547 Flocculation, precipitation, adsorption, etc. Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63 Extraction Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63.S4 Separation (Technology)
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Nur Karimah
Date Deposited:	19 Feb 2024 07:33
Last Modified:	19 Feb 2024 07:33
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/107526

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