Eksperimen dan Pemodelan Ekstraksi CO2 Superkritis dan Pemurnian Senyawa Fitokimia dari Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb)

Sutarsi, Sutarsi (2024) Eksperimen dan Pemodelan Ekstraksi CO2 Superkritis dan Pemurnian Senyawa Fitokimia dari Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb). Doctoral thesis, Institute Technology of Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Temulawak merupakan tanaman obat asli Indonesia yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi produk natural. Temulawak memiliki senyawa aktif yaitu kurkumin dan xanthorrhizol. Ekstraksi dan pemurnian senyawa fitokimia dari temulawak berfungsi untuk memperoleh sediaan dalam bentuk ekstrak dan senyawa fitokimia guna meningkatkan sifat produk, aktifitas biologi dan nilai tambah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengekstrak senyawa fitokimia temulawak dengan pelarut CO2 superkritis, mengoptimasi kondisi operasi, memodelkan proses ekstraksi secara matematis dan mengkaji proses pemurnian senyawa fitokimia temulawak. Ekstraksi senyawa fitokimia temulawak akan dilakukan dengan CO2 superkritis. Variabel operasi meliputi temperatur, tekanan dan laju alir CO2. Desain percobaan menggunakan Box-Behnken Design. Kondisi operasi optimum ditentukan dengan metode respon permukaan. Proses ekstraksi dimodelkan dengan persamaan shrinking core dan broken and intact cell. Pemurnian senyawa fitokimia menggunakan metode kolom kromatografi dan kristalisasi. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi operasi ekstraksi optimum pada suhu 40oC, tekanan 25 MPa dan laju alir 5,34 mL/menit memberikan yield 10,4% dan recovery kurkumin 3,2%. Fitting parameter model shrinking core, De, yaitu 9,47x10-9 - 1,91 x10-8 m2/detik. Sedangkan fitting parameter model broken and intact cell yaitu f = 0,41-0,62; Xc=0,75; K=0,2. Hasil pemurnian kurkumin ekstrak temulawak CO2 superkritis fase metanol menunjukkan tingkat kemurnian lebih tinggi daripada ekstrak soxhlet dengan pelarut metanol masing-masing yaitu 92,27% dan 90,45%. Hasil pemurnian ekstrak CO2 superkritis fase n-heksan diperoleh spot tunggal dengan nilai Rf 0,95 yang diduga merupakan senyawa xanthorrhizol.
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Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) is a medicinal plant native to Indonesia which has the potential to be developed into a natural product. Temulawak has active compounds, namely curcumin and xanthorrhizol. Extracts and phytochemicals from temulawak have many benefits such as improve product properties, biological activity and added value. This research aimed to extract temulawak phytochemical compounds using supercritical CO2 solvent, optimize operating conditions, model the extraction process mathematically and examine the process of purifying temulawak phytochemical compounds. Extraction of temulawak phytochemical compounds was carried out with supercritical CO2. Operating variables included temperature, pressure, and CO2 flow rate. The experimental design used Box-Behnken Design. Optimal operating condition was determined using the response surface methodology (RSM). The extraction process was modeled using shrinking core model and broken and intact cells model. Purification of phytochemical compounds using column chromatography and crystallization methods. The research results showed that optimum extraction operating conditions at a temperature of 40oC, pressure of 25 MPa and flow rate of 5.34 mL/minute provided a yield of 10.4% and curcumin recovery of 3.2%. The fitting parameters of shrinking core model, De, are 9.47x10-9 -1.91 x10-8 m2/s. Meanwhile, the fitting parameters of broken and Intact cell model are f = 0.41-0.62; Xc=0.75; K=0.2. The curcumin purification showed that the methanol phase supercritical CO2 extract had a higher level of purity compared to soxhlet extract with methanol solvent, namely 92.27% and 90.45% respectively. The purification results of the n-hexane phase supercritical CO2 extract obtained a single point with an Rf value of 0.95 which was thought to be a xanthorrhizol compound.

Item Type:	Thesis (Doctoral)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ekstraksi CO2 superkritis, optimasi, pemodelan, pemurnian, temulawak supercritical CO2 extraction, optimization, modeling, purification, Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24001-(S3) PhD Thesis
Depositing User:	Sutarsi Sutarsi
Date Deposited:	20 Feb 2024 05:26
Last Modified:	20 Feb 2024 05:44
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/107620

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