Analisis Kinerja Pada Rancang Bangun Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro Berbasis Turbin Ulir Archimedes

Arma, Muhammad Sulthoni (2024) Analisis Kinerja Pada Rancang Bangun Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro Berbasis Turbin Ulir Archimedes. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Dilansir dari artikel yang diterbitkan oleh Humas Dirjen EBTKE dari Kementerian ESDM bahwasannya kebutuhan listrik di Indonesia mencapai 1.172 kWh/kapita dan nilai tersebut akan mengalami kenaikan seiring pertumbuhan populasi serta ekonomi. Namun sekitar 90,64% bagian produksi energi listrik berasal dari sumber bahan bakar fosil yang tidak ramah lingkungan. Maka diperlukan jalan lain guna memenuhi kebutuhan pasokan listrik yang lebih ramah lingkungan, contohnya memanfaatkan aliran air yang digunakan untuk membangkitkan listrik. Pada penelitian mengenai rancang bangun pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro (PLTMH) berbasis turbin ulir Archimedes telah dilakukan dengan tujuan menganalisis kinerja dari luaran yang dihasilkan oleh pembangkit. Spesifikasi yang digunakan pada PLTMH tersebut diantaranya adalah turbin ulir Archimedes dengan 2 (dua) bilah turbin, sudut elevasi turbin sebesar 30°, rasio gear transmisi (2,3:1), diameter dalam (Di) 34,0 cm, diameter luar (Do) 54,6 cm, panjang kisar bilah pitch (Λ) 63,7 cm, panjang turbin (L) 206,9 cm. Generator yang digunakan merupakan generator brushless direct current (BLDC) 3 (tiga) fasa. Pembebanan yang digunakan pada pengujian kinerja berupa lampu LED 12 Volt dengan daya beban 5 Watt; 20 Watt; dan 40 Watt serta baterai 14 Ah. Pengujian dilakukan pada debit aliran air sebesar 0,004824 m3/s, ketika tidak diberi pembebanan diperoleh kecepatan putaran turbin (117,2 ± 0,00244) RPM, kecepatan putaran generator (273,5 ± 0,01329) RPM, kemudian ketika diberi pembebanan diperoleh kecepatan putaran turbin (100,9 ± 0,00062) RPM, kecepatan putaran generator (235,4 ± 0,00338) RPM. Torka turbin yang dihasilkan sebesar (114,902 ± 0,00979) Nm. Tegangan pada rangkaian terbuka (open circuit) sebesar (17,49 ± 0,00191) V, tegangan pada rangkaian tertutup (closed circuit) sebesar (12,13 ± 0,00083) V, arus pembebanan sebesar (0,85 ± 0,00003) A, daya hidrolis sebesar (63,9 ± 0,00001) W, daya listrik luaran sebesar (10,3 ± 0,00738) W, serta efisiensi sistem sebesar 16,11%. Terjadi signifikansi hasil luaran dari penelitian sebelumnya yang diakibatkan faktor dimensi dari rancang bangun PLTMH yang terbaru.
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Reporting from an article published by the Public Relation of the Director General of EBTKE from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, the electricity demand in Indonesia reached 1.172 kWh/capita and this value will increase along with population and economic growth. However, about 90.64% of the electric energy productions come from fossil fuel sources that are not environmentally friendly. So other ways are needed to achieve environmentally friendly electricity supply needs, for example utilizing water flow used to generate electricity. In research on manufacturing design of micro-hydro power plant (MHP) with archimedean-screw-based turbine, a performance analysis of the output generated by the plant has been carried out. The specifications used in MHP include the Archimedes screw turbine with 2 (two) blades, turbine elevation angle 30°, transmission gear ratio (2.3:1), inner diameter (Di) 34.0 cm, outer diameter (Do) 54.6 cm, blade length (Λ) 63.7 cm, turbine length (L) 206.9 cm. The generator used is a 3 (three) phase brushless direct current (BLDC) generator. The loading used in performance testing is a 12 Volt LED lamp with a load power of 5W; 20W; and 40W and a 14 Ah battery. The test was conducted at a water flow discharge of 0.004824 m3/s, when no loading was obtained turbine rotation speed (117.2 ± 0.00244) RPM, generator rotation speed (273.5 ± 0.01329) RPM, then when given the loading obtained turbine rotation speed (100.9 ± 0.00062) RPM, generator rotation speed (235.4 ± 0.00338) RPM. The resulting turbine torque is (114.902 ± 0.00979) Nm. The voltage in the open circuit is (17,49 ± 0.00191) V, the voltage in the closed circuit is (12.13 ± 0.00083) V, loading current of (12.13 ± 0.00083) A, hydraulic power of (63.9 ± 0.00001) W, output electrical power of (10.3 ± 0.00738) W, and system efficiency of 16.11%. The significance of the output results from the previous study is due to the dimensional factor of the latest MHP design.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Daya, Efisiensi, PLTMH, Tegangan, Turbin Ulir Archimedes. = Archimedean Screw Turbine, Efficiency, Micro-Hydro Power Plant, Power, Voltage.
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ165 Energy storage. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ266 Turbines. Turbomachines (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK1001 Production of electric energy or power T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK1519.S68 Hydroelectric power plants T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2681.O85 Electric motors, Brushless.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Arma Muhammad Sulthoni
Date Deposited:	22 Feb 2024 00:22
Last Modified:	22 Feb 2024 00:22
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/107661

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