Desain Pabrik Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) dari Kayu Akasia

Oktanindya, Edtillya Rizca and Larasati, Clarissa (2024) Desain Pabrik Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) dari Kayu Akasia. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) merupakan bubuk putih kristal yang terdiri dari partikel berpori tanpa rasa atau aroma yang dapat menyerap kelembapan dan tidak larut dalam air. Dengan tumbuhnya industri farmasi secara eksponensial di Indonesia beberapa tahun terakhir, permintaan MCC menunjukkan peningkatan yang pesat. Diproyeksikan bahwa pada tahun 2028, masih terdapat kesenjangan supply dan demand MCC di Indonesia yang menyebabkan kebutuhan MCC tidak terpenuhi. Maka, akan didirikan pabrik MCC untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasar sebanyak 37,76%. Bahan baku yang digunakan dalam pabrik MCC adalah kayu akasia (Acacia Mangium) yang merupakan jenis kayu dengan populasi sangat besar dan jumlah penggunaan yang tinggi di Indonesia. Pabrik ini dirancang beroperasi selama 330 hari, 24 jam dengan kapasitas 2.000 ton/tahun. Bahan baku kayu yang dibutuhkan sebanyak 664,72 kg/jam akan diolah menjadi MCC melalui lima tahapan proses utama, antara lain pre-treatment, delignification, bleaching, acid hydrolysis, dan drying & size reduction. Proses awal pada pabrik MCC ini adalah pre-treatment untuk membersihkan dan mengecilkan ukuran bahan baku kayu, serta memisahkan kandungan hemiselulosa dengan proses pre-hydrolysis. Selanjutnya, proses delignifikasi untuk memisahkan lignin dan hemiselulosa tersisa dengan menggunakan delignifikasi basa NaOH. Proses selanjutnya adalah proses bleaching untuk memutihkan warna selulosa serta menghilangkan sisa-sisa lignin. Kemudian, akan dilakukan pemisahan kristalin selulosa dengan proses acid hydrolysis. Terakhir, dilakukan proses pengeringan dan size reduction untuk memperoleh produk MCC. Pabrik ini direncanakan akan dibangun di Kota Dumai, Provinsi Riau yang unggul dalam pertimbangan-pertimbangan yang ada, di antaranya ketersediaan bahan baku, air, listrik, dan lahan. Hasil studi evaluasi ekonomi pabrik menunjukkan bahwa pabrik ini memiliki biaya penaksiran modal (CAPEX) sebesar Rp497.444.163.529 dan biaya operasional (OPEX) Rp12.704.534.224. Berdasarkan analisis perhitungan ekonomi pabrik, juga didapatkan hasil Net Present Value (NPV) yang bernilai positif sebesar Rp1.177.632.015.801, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 28,90% dengan Payout Time (POT) selama 2,2 tahun. Adapun, Break Even Point (BEP) yang didapatkan ialah sebesar 33,43%. Berdasarkan data analisis kelayakan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pabrik ini menguntungkan dan layak untuk didirikan.
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Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) is a white crystalline powder composed of porous, tasteless, and odorless particles that can absorb moisture and are insoluble in water. With the exponential growth of the pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia in recent years, the demand for MCC has increased rapidly. It is projected that by 2028, there will still be a gap between the supply and demand for MCC in Indonesia, resulting in unmet needs. Therefore, an MCC plant will be established to meet 37.76% of the market demand. The raw material used in the MCC plant is acacia wood (Acacia Mangium), a type of wood with a large population and high usage in Indonesia. This plant is designed to operate for 330 days a year, 24 hours a day, with a capacity of 2,000 tons per year. The required raw wood material, amounting to 664.72 kg per hour, will be processed into MCC through five main stages: pre-treatment, delignification, bleaching, acid hydrolysis, and drying & size reduction. The initial process in this MCC plant is pre-treatment to clean and reduce the size of the raw wood material, and to separate the hemicellulose content through a pre-hydrolysis process. Next is the delignification process to separate lignin and remaining hemicellulose using NaOH base delignification. The following process is bleaching to whiten the cellulose and remove residual lignin. Then, cellulose crystals will be separated through acid hydrolysis. Finally, drying and size reduction processes will be carried out to obtain the MCC product. The plant is planned to be built in Dumai City, Riau Province, which is favorable due to considerations such as the availability of raw materials, water, electricity, and land. The results of the plant's economic evaluation study show that it has an estimated capital expenditure (CAPEX) of IDR 497,444,163,529 and operational costs (OPEX) of IDR 12,704,534,224. Based on the plant's economic calculation analysis, a positive Net Present Value (NPV) of IDR 1,177,632,015,801, an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 28.90%, and a Payback Period (POT) of 2.2 years were obtained. The Break-Even Point (BEP) is 33.43%. Based on this feasibility analysis data, it can be concluded that the plant is profitable and feasible to establish.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Microcrystalline Cellulose, Cellulose, Acacia Wood, Kayu Akasia
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS176 Manufacturing engineering. Process engineering (Including manufacturing planning, production planning)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Edtillya Rizca Oktanindya
Date Deposited:	25 Jul 2024 07:35
Last Modified:	25 Jul 2024 07:35
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/109031

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