Energy Management System Based on Finite State Machine for Battery - Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System on Standalone Photovoltaic

Hilmi, M. (2024) Energy Management System Based on Finite State Machine for Battery - Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System on Standalone Photovoltaic. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Renewable energy implementation has increased to mitigate environmental damage caused by conventional power plants, with solar energy being a prominent example. High-energy-density batteries are utilized to store excess energy. However, the fluctuation and intermittency of irradiance and load stress the battery and shorten its lifespan. To address this issue, integrating supercapacitors (SC) in hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) has become a popular solution. In this research, a Finite State Machine (FSM) will be implemented in the energy management system (EMS) and power sharing of HESS to control PV output, loads, and storages in parallel. Each control mode represents specific device and environmental conditions. Storages can operate in hybrid mode, battery-only mode, and standby mode. PV panels can operate in MPP), DC control, and night mode. Load control includes load shedding schemes and full load disconnection. The reference current for HESS will be regulated using a PI controller. Testing is conducted under various irradiation profiles and load patterns categorized into several cases based on the initial State of Charge (SoC) of the storage. Results demonstrate that the FSM-based energy management system effectively manages power flow between solar panels and HESS. FSM enables dynamic mode switching in response to environmental conditions and SoC status. Additionally, performance evaluation against the conventional filter-based control (FBC) method is conducted using real load and irradiation profiles. Simulation results show that the FSM-based EMS for HESS is superior to the conventional FBC approach, achieving up to a 24% reduction in peak power requirements, optimizing battery and SC energy utilization, reducing peak current demands on the battery by up to 22%, and maintaining stable DC bus voltage with voltage ripple below 2%.
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Implementasi energi terbarukan telah meningkat untuk mengurangi kerusakan lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh pembangkit listrik konvensional, salah satunya pembangkit tenaga surya. Baterai merupakan penyimpanan yang memiliki kerapatan energi tinggi yang biasanya digunakan untuk menyimpan energi berlebih. Namun, fluktuasi dan intermittensi dari radiasi matahari dan beban membebani baterai dan memperpendek umurnya. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, integrasi superkapasitor (SC) dalam sistem penyimpanan energi hibrida (HESS) telah menjadi solusi populer. Dalam penelitian ini, Finite State Machine (FSM) akan diimplementasikan dalam sistem manajemen energi (EMS) dan pembagian daya HESS untuk mengontrol output PV, beban, dan penyimpanan secara paralel. Setiap mode kontrol mewakili kondisi perangkat dan lingkungan tertentu. Penyimpanan dapat beroperasi dalam mode hybrid, only bat, dan StandBy. Panel PV dapat beroperasi dalam MPPT, kontrol DC, dan mode malam. Kontrol beban termasuk skema load shedding dan pemutusan seluruh beban. Arus referensi untuk HESS akan diatur menggunakan pengontrol PI. Pengujian dilakukan dengan profil radiasi yang berbeda dan pola beban yang dikategorikan ke dalam beberapa kasus berdasarkan State of Charge (SoC) awal dari penyimpanan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sistem manajemen energi berbasis FSM secara efektif mengelola aliran daya antara panel surya dan HESS. FSM memungkinkan perpindahan mode dinamis sebagai respons terhadap kondisi lingkungan dan status SoC. Selain itu, evaluasi kinerja terhadap metode kontrol berbasis filter konvensional (FBC) dilakukan menggunakan profil beban dan irradiasi dengan fluktuasi tinggi. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa EMS berbasis FSM untuk HESS lebih unggul dibandingkan pendekatan FBC konvensional, mencapai pengurangan hingga 24% dalam kebutuhan daya puncak, optimalisasi pemanfaatan energi baterai dan SC, mengurangi arus puncak pada baterai hingga 22%, dan menjaga tegangan bus DC stabil dengan ripple tegangan di bawah 2%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Battery, Energy Management System, Finite State Machine, Hybrid Energy Storage, Supercapacitor, Baterai, Finite State Machine, penyimpanan hibrida, sistem manajemen energi,, superkapasitor
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2941 Storage batteries
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Electrical Engineering > 20101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	M. Hilmi
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2024 01:20
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2024 01:20
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/109391

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