Faridsyah, Ibnu and Pradhito, Agung (2024) Desain Pabrik Klorin dan Soda Kaustik dari Garam Industri via Proses Klor-Alkali dengan Sel Diafragma. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Klorin (Cl2) dan soda kaustik (NaOH) menjadi bahan kimia yang sangat dibutuhkan karena pengaplikasiannya yang luas dan bervariasi mulai dari produk keseharian hingga industri. Kebutuhan terhadap kedua bahan ini diproyeksikan akan terus meningkat setiap tahunnya sehingga tambahan supply diperlukan. Umumnya, klorin dan soda kaustik diproduksi dengan proses klor-alkali, yaitu proses elektrolisis dengan brine (air garam) sebagai bahan utamanya. Proses elektrolisis brine dapat dilakukan dengan sel diafragma, sel membran, ataupun sel merkuri. Sel merkuri tidak disarankan untuk digunakan karena berbahaya bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Sel membran dapat menghasilkan kemurnian produk tinggi, tetapi membutuhkan pretreatment bahan yang kompleks serta harga membran mahal sehingga memerlukan modal peralatan dan proses yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, sel diafragma dipilih dalam pembangunan pabrik ini karena memiliki proses yang lebih sederhana dan biaya modal lebih rendah. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan klorin dan soda kaustik di Indonesia, pabrik akan dibangun dengan kapasitas 15.000 ton klorin per tahun dan 33.726 ton NaOH 50% per tahun. Pabrik ini akan dibangun di Gresik, Jawa Timur dengan umur pabrik 20 tahun dan masa konstruksi 2 tahun. Pabrik dapat menghasilkan total keuntungan sebesar Rp5.440.975.223.989,46 dengan IRR 21,66%, POT selama 5,69 tahun, dan BEP 34%.
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Chlorine (Cl2) and caustic soda (NaOH) are chemicals highly in demand due to their extensive and varied applications, ranging from everyday products to industrial uses. The demand for both of these substances is projected to increase annually, necessitating additional supply. Generally, chlorine and caustic soda are produced through the chlor-alkali process, which involves electrolysis with brine (saltwater) as the main ingredient. The electrolysis of brine can be carried out using diaphragm cells, membrane cells, or mercury cells. Mercury cells are not recommended due to their hazards to humans and the environment. Membrane cells can produce high-purity products but require complex pretreatment of materials and expensive membranes, thus involving high equipment and process costs. Therefore, diaphragm cells are chosen for the construction of this plant due to their simpler process and lower capital costs. To meet the demand for chlorine and caustic soda in Indonesia, a plant will be built with a capacity of 15,000 tons of chlorine per year and 33,726 tons of 50% NaOH per year. This plant will be located in Gresik, East Java, with a plant life of 20 years and a construction period of 2 years. The plant is expected to generate a total profit of Rp5.440.975.223.989,46 with an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 21.66%, a Payback Period (POT) of 5.69 years, and a Break-Even Point (BEP) of 34%.
Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | klorin, soda kaustik, klor-alkali, sel diafragma chlorine, caustic soda, chlor-alkali, diaphragm cells |
Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction |
Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
Depositing User: | Ibnu Faridsyah |
Date Deposited: | 01 Aug 2024 03:12 |
Last Modified: | 01 Aug 2024 03:12 |
URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/109453 |
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