Somadinata, Arwin Ilham (2024) Evaluation of Sewerage Systems and Wastewater Treatment Plant at the Sanitation Unit of Soekarno-Hatta International Airport. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
The increasing number of airplane passenger for a fast transport method in the present and upcoming time makes airport the prime transport location for people to utilize. With the increase of people in airport, the number of clean water usage within the airport itself grew due to people needing to use the toilet or lavatories also the operational activity of the airport. Because of the increase in clean water consumption within the airport, the increase of wastewater generation is also inevitable that required to be treated in the wastewater treatment plant and a prior wastewater treatment system. The first method of the study is to conduct data gathering of several variables that are passenger departure and arrival data for a passenger or airport population number projection to calculate the wastewater generation and distribution in 2034, sampling of wastewater to analyze the specified parameters of pH, TSS, BOD, COD, nitrogen ammonia, fats and grease, total coliform, odor, and water temperature in accredited water analyzing laboratory, field observation are to gather much required information about the operation and maintenance of the sewerage systems and wastewater treatment plant, with further variables gathered through literatures, interviews, and questionnaires to support the research. The next method of the research is to evaluate and give conclusion of the final assignment accordingly to the purpose also give recommendation for a further research for further optimization from the study. From the calculation of wastewater generation and distribution, the calculated wastewater generation valued at 259 m3/hour in 2034 meet the design capacity of the wastewater treatment plant of about 516.6 m3/hour and proper wastewater distribution of wastewater of the sewerage pipeline ≤0.3 m3/s of minimum velocity, although there are no measured wastewater data on the sewerage systems to support the calculation for a comparision. Further evaluation on the sewerage systems wastewater quality shows the prior wastewater treatment of grease trap and delaceration plant helps to optimize the parameters, such as fats and grease, etc before the in the wastewater treatment plant, and the evaluation of wastewater quality on the wastewater treatment plant shows most of parameters meeting the standards, however the total coliform parameter from October 2023 to March 2034 doesn’t meet the ministry standard of 1.000 MPN/100 ml, however the average total coliform from the 5-month time of about 1.716 MPN/100 ml meet the other standard for specification method of 2.000 MPN/ 100 ml. Lastly, the evaluation for the operation and maintenance of the sewerage systems and wastewater treatment plant that some issues are found such as the lack of filtration systems in the sewerage systems, damaged sludge distribution pump, etc shows while in the present time some variables are properly maintained for wastewater distribution and treatment but also shows that adjustments for an optimization is required for better wastewater distribution and quality.
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Jumlah penumpang pesawat yang semakin meningkat sebagai metode transportasi cepat di masa sekarang dan mendatang menjadikan bandara sebagai lokasi transportasi utama yang digunakan oleh masyarakat. Dengan meningkatnya jumlah orang di bandara, jumlah penggunaan air bersih di dalam bandara juga meningkat karena kebutuhan orang untuk menggunakan toilet atau kamar mandi serta aktivitas operasional bandara. Karena peningkatan konsumsi air bersih di dalam bandara, peningkatan produksi air limbah juga tidak bisa dihindari yang perlu diolah di instalasi pengolahan air limbah dan sistem pengolahan air limbah sebelumnya. Metode pertama dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan pengumpulan data dari beberapa variabel yaitu data keberangkatan dan kedatangan penumpang untuk proyeksi jumlah populasi penumpang atau bandara guna menghitung produksi dan distribusi air limbah pada tahun 2034, pengambilan sampel air limbah untuk menganalisis parameter tertentu seperti pH, TSS, BOD, COD, nitrogen amonia, lemak dan minyak, total koliform, bau, dan suhu air di laboratorium analisis air yang terakreditasi, observasi lapangan untuk mengumpulkan informasi yang diperlukan tentang operasi dan pemeliharaan sistem pembuangan dan instalasi pengolahan air limbah, dengan variabel lebih lanjut yang dikumpulkan melalui literatur, wawancara, dan kuesioner untuk mendukung penelitian. Metode penelitian selanjutnya adalah mengevaluasi dan memberikan kesimpulan dari tugas akhir sesuai dengan tujuan serta memberikan rekomendasi untuk penelitian lebih lanjut guna optimalisasi lebih lanjut dari studi ini. Dari perhitungan, timbulan air limbah sebesar 259 m³/jam pada tahun 2034 memenuhi kapasitas desain instalasi pengolahan air limbah sebesar 516.6 m³/jam dan distribusi air limbah ≤0.3 m³/detik kecepatan minimum, meskipun tidak ada data air limbah yang diukur untuk perbandingan. Evaluasi kualitas air limbah menunjukkan pengolahan awal dengan grease trap dan instalasi delacerasi membantu mengoptimalkan parameter seperti lemak dan minyak sebelum masuk ke instalasi pengolahan. Sebagian besar parameter kualitas air limbah memenuhi standar, namun total koliform dari Oktober 2023 hingga Maret 2034 tidak memenuhi standar kementerian 1.000 MPN/100 ml, tetapi rata-rata selama 5 bulan sebesar 1.716 MPN/100 ml memenuhi standar lain sebesar 2.000 MPN/100 ml. Evaluasi operasi dan pemeliharaan menunjukkan beberapa masalah seperti kurangnya sistem filtrasi dan pompa distribusi lumpur yang rusak. Meskipun beberapa variabel dipelihara dengan baik, diperlukan penyesuaian untuk optimasi distribusi dan kualitas air limbah yang lebih baik.
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