Analisis Risiko Proses Pengolahan Lumpur Tinja di IPLT Kota Blitar dengan Metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)

Khairunnisa, Fasya Miranda Nur (2024) Analisis Risiko Proses Pengolahan Lumpur Tinja di IPLT Kota Blitar dengan Metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kota Blitar memiliki IPLT yang telah beroperasi sejak 1995, tetapi mengalami revitalisasi pada 2017 dengan kapasitas 30 m3/hari. Masih terdapat kendala dalam operasional IPLT Indonesia, seperti pasokan limbah yang kurang, manajemen yang tidak profesional, dan terjadinya kegagalan teknis yang mengakibatkan kualitas efuen yang tidak memenuhi standar. Kondisi tersebut dapat menyebabkan pengolahan terlaksana secara tidak optimal dan kualitas efluen menjadi tidak memenuhi baku mutu. Untuk mencegah kondisi yang menyebabkan ketergangguan pada proses pengolahan lumpur tinja, maka diperlukan analisis risiko pada unit pengolahan lumpur tinja di IPLT Kota Blitar dengan pendekatan metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Metode penelitian ini diawali dengan mengidentifikasi kegagalan, penyebab, serta faktor penyebab menggunakan pendekatan analisis fishbone untuk mendapatkan detail penyebab terjadinya suatu kegagalan secara rinci yang selanjutnya dilakukan perhitungan Risk Priority Number (RPN) berdasarkan 3 parameter yakni severity, occurance, dan detection. Berdasarkan hasil RPN, akan dibentuk scenario pengendalian risiko. Maka, dengan adanya penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi terkait potensi risiko yang terjadi di setiap unit pengolahan lumpur tinja serta memberikan skenario pengendalian risiko pada unit pengolahan IPLT Kota Blitar untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya risiko. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat unit pengolahan yang memiliki kinerja yang tidak optimal, dimana ditinjau dari efisiensi removal yang bernilai (-) dan masih belum sesuai dengan kriteria yang seharusnya sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis penyebab kinerja unit yang tidak optimal. Berdasarkan analisis fishbone, terbagi empat kelompok penyebab yakni manajerial, bak kontrol dan pipa, unit pengolahan, serta kualitas serta kuantitas air limbah. Hasil analisis tersebut, dilanjutnya dengan menghitung nilai Risk Priority Number (RPN). Nilai RPN tertinggi yang didapatkan adalah 125 dengan penyebab potensial diantaranya debit influen, durasi pengurangan lumpur, hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) Unit ABR, Organic Loading Rate (OLR) Unit ABR, Kolam Fakultatif, dan Kolam Maturasi, Td kolam fakultatif dan kolam maturasi. Penyebab potensial yang mendapatkan nilai 125 tersebut dilakukan upaya penanganan untuk memperkecil terjadinya kegagalan pengolahan lumpur tinja. Upaya penanganan yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan sistem recycle air efluen, membentuk peraturan terkait kewajiban pembuangan ke IPLT, melakukan pengurasan secara rutin sesuai waktu yang ditentukan, melakukan penggantian media filter jenis pasir dan mengganti media filter setiap 1 bulan sekali, menambahkan SOP waktu pengurasan dan waktu penggantian media filter, dan melakukan pelatihan kembali terkait SOP.
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Blitar City IPLT had been operated since 1995 and was revitalized in 2017 with a capacity of 30 m3/day. However, its operation is still hampered by insufficient wastewater supply, unprofessional management, and technical failures, resulting in effluent quality that does not meet standards. This condition can lead to suboptimal treatment and effluent quality does not meet standards quality. To prevent conditions that cause disturbances in the sludge treatment process, a risk analysis is needed on the sludge treatment unit at the Blitar City IPLT using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. This research begins by identifying failures, causes, and contributing factors using the fishbone analysis approach to obtain detailed information about the causes of a particular failure. Subsequently, the Risk Priority Number (RPN) is calculated based on three parameters: severity, occurrence, and detection. Based on the RPN results, a risk control scenario will be formulated. Therefore, this research is expected to provide information on the potential risks that occur in each sludge treatment unit and provide a risk control scenario for the IPLT treatment unit in Blitar City to anticipate the occurrence of risks. Based on the research results, there are treatment units that do not have optimal performance, where the removal efficiency is negative and still does not meet the established criteria. Therefore, an analysis of the causes of the suboptimal unit performance needs to be carried out. Based on the fishbone analysis, there are four groups of causes: managerial, control tanks and pipes, treatment units, and wastewater quality and quantity. The results of this analysis are then continued by calculating the Risk Priority Number (RPN) value. The highest RPN value obtained is 125 with potential causes including influent flow rate, sludge reduction duration, Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of the ABR Unit, Organic Loading Rate (OLR) of the ABR Unit, Facultative Pond, and Maturation Pond, Td of the Facultative Pond and Maturation Pond. Efforts are made to handle the potential causes that have a value of 125 to minimize the occurrence of sludge treatment failures. The proposed mitigation efforts include the implementation of a recycled water effluent system, the establishment of regulations mandating discharge to the IPLT, regular scheduled draining, replacement of sand filter media and all filter media on a monthly basis, the addition of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for draining and filter media replacement, and the re-training of personnel on the SOPs.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Analisis Risiko, Fishbone, FMEA, IPLT, Lumpur Tinja,Fishbone, FMEA, Faecal Sludge, IPLT, Risk Analysis
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD767.7 Sewage sludge treatment and disposal
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Fasya Miranda Nur Khairunnisa
Date Deposited:	31 Jul 2024 06:00
Last Modified:	31 Jul 2024 06:00
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/109643

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